導(dao)言(yan)：作為(wei)寫作愛好者，不可錯過為(wei)您(nin)精心(xin)挑選的(de)10篇公共管理的(de)主要理論(lun)，它們(men)將為(wei)您(nin)的(de)寫作提供全新的(de)視角，我們(men)衷心(xin)期(qi)待(dai)您(nin)的(de)閱讀，并希望(wang)這些內(nei)容能為(wei)您(nin)提供靈(ling)感和參(can)考。

篇1

公共管理就是國家對社會的管理，不同的國家具有不同的公共管理方式，但是實質上的目的都是一樣的，對社會進行治理。我國的新公共管理的方式就是(shi)重新構建政府社會市場三(san)者之間(jian)的關系(xi)來提高公(gong)共管理水(shui)平及公(gong)共服務質(zhi)量。具體內容如下：

1. 政府職能的重新定位政府的管理職能處于管理的主要地位

傳統(tong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)管理職能(neng)，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)職能(neng)有著不(bu)斷擴張的(de)(de)(de)(de)趨勢(shi)，直(zhi)接造成(cheng)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)職能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)膨脹，新(xin)公(gong)共職能(neng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提出，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)在行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)管理中應負責制(zhi)定(ding)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策而(er)不(bu)是(shi)具體(ti)執行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)功能(neng)是(shi)掌舵方(fang)向而(er)不(bu)是(shi)劃槳前行(xing)(xing)。這(zhe)樣政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)可以(yi)將(jiang)具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施行(xing)(xing)教給(gei)其他機構(gou)去做，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)規模可以(yi)縮(suo)減，而(er)且(qie)還可以(yi)減少(shao)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)開支(zhi)，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)將(jiang)大部分事務交(jiao)給(gei)社會(hui)(hui)去完成(cheng)，政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)參(can)與規章制(zhi)度的(de)(de)(de)(de)定(ding)制(zhi)和(he)(he)施行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)(zheng)策的(de)(de)(de)(de)指揮(hui)和(he)(he)監督的(de)(de)(de)(de)權利。這(zhe)樣可以(yi)重新(xin)塑造市場的(de)(de)(de)(de)格(ge)局(ju)，有利于社會(hui)(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展和(he)(he)經濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展。

2. 政(zheng)府服務應以顧客或市場為(wei)導向，重塑(su)政(zheng)府與公眾的(de)關系

政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)部(bu)(bu)門(men)要重(zhong)新對自己進行定(ding)位，政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)部(bu)(bu)門(men)不(bu)僅是(shi)(shi)(shi)一個辦公(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)私營的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)門(men)，而(er)且是(shi)(shi)(shi)為(wei)人民服務(wu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)共部(bu)(bu)門(men)。所以，政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)部(bu)(bu)門(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工作要以市(shi)(shi)場為(wei)導向，重(zhong)新塑造政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)和大(da)眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關系(xi)，政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)服務(wu)應(ying)該滿足大(da)眾的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求，而(er)且是(shi)(shi)(shi)以市(shi)(shi)場為(wei)導向的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)不(bu)再是(shi)(shi)(shi)凌駕(jia)于市(shi)(shi)場和大(da)眾之上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)指(zhi)揮者，而(er)且是(shi)(shi)(shi)以顧(gu)客的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)需求為(wei)導向的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)，為(wei)顧(gu)客提供較(jiao)高效率的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)公(gong)(gong)共服務(wu)。新公(gong)(gong)共管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目標考核應(ying)是(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)能促(cu)進社會(hui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)和諧發展和經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有效發展，市(shi)(shi)場經(jing)濟(ji)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)斷晚上(shang)。

篇2

中(zhong)圖分(fen)類(lei)號：TU198文(wen)獻(xian)標識碼： A

引言

我國政府逐步(bu)推(tui)進(jin)城市化(hua)進(jin)程(cheng),讓建筑行業獲得高速的(de)(de)(de)(de)發展,而(er)怎樣高效(xiao)保證工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)始終為一個(ge)值得注意的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題(ti)。工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)理和(he)(he)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)壞以及大家的(de)(de)(de)(de)生命和(he)(he)財產安全有(you)著(zhu)密(mi)不可分的(de)(de)(de)(de)聯系。建筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)管(guan)(guan)理是工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)監(jian)(jian)督管(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)一個(ge)關鍵因素,其(qi)管(guan)(guan)理的(de)(de)(de)(de)規范化(hua)有(you)助(zhu)于工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理監(jian)(jian)督。

一(yi)、工程資料管理的重要性

在(zai)現有的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)技術資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)發揮著重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)作用(yong)，在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中要(yao)(yao)對(dui)各級各類的(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)進行(xing)分類，要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)到規范化、標準(zhun)化、系統化，保證(zheng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)(zheng)不散失，要(yao)(yao)將資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作滲透到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)環節之(zhi)(zhi)中。當某(mou)個(ge)項目工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設時(shi)間較長時(shi)，從項目開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)到工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)這一(yi)(yi)階(jie)段，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)文件(jian)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)涉及面廣，內(nei)容繁雜，經歷的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間長，稍(shao)有疏忽就可能遺漏，加之(zhi)(zhi)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)組織是(shi)臨時(shi)機構往往是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)任務一(yi)(yi)完(wan)(wan)成(cheng)(cheng)，臨時(shi)機構解散，而資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)也隨之(zhi)(zhi)消(xiao)失。為了(le)保證(zheng)資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)收(shou)(shou)(shou)集(ji)(ji)齊全、完(wan)(wan)整(zheng)(zheng)，資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)管(guan)理人員平時(shi)要(yao)(yao)加強(qiang)業務學(xue)習，對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中所(suo)要(yao)(yao)形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)哪(na)些資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)要(yao)(yao)做(zuo)到心中有數，資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)收(shou)(shou)(shou)集(ji)(ji)要(yao)(yao)依據工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進展及時(shi)跟進、采(cai)取(qu)積極主(zhu)動的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)集(ji)(ji)方(fang)法。將工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中形(xing)(xing)成(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)文件(jian)材料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)按(an)日期和工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)內(nei)容的(de)(de)(de)不同進行(xing)分類保管(guan)，在(zai)日常工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中要(yao)(yao)時(shi)刻注(zhu)意積累資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)，為今后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)檔(dang)提供(gong)基礎。做(zuo)好資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)集(ji)(ji)、歸檔(dang)、積累、貯存(cun)等工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作都(dou)是(shi)為今后(hou)(hou)竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)驗收(shou)(shou)(shou)提供(gong)便利(li)。這些資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)全面反映(ying)了(le)整(zheng)(zheng)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)設的(de)(de)(de)詳細情(qing)況。它對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)評定(ding)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后(hou)(hou)的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)(shou)(shou)尾工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作以及對(dui)新(xin)建(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)準(zhun)備等都(dou)具有重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)利(li)用(yong)價值(zhi)。因此，認真做(zuo)好資(zi)(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作是(shi)非常重要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)

二、建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)資料管理(li)中存在的問(wen)題

1、重視力度不夠

2002年(nian)我國頒發實施(shi)(shi)了(le)《建(jian)設工(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)管理(li)(li)條例》、《房屋建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程和(he)市政(zheng)基礎設施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)程竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)驗收備案管理(li)(li)暫行辦法(fa)》等法(fa)規(gui)條例，目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)進(jin)一步增強(qiang)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位對工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)檔(dang)案資料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)歸檔(dang)及管理(li)(li)。但是(shi)，由于部分(fen)檔(dang)案資料(liao)(liao)管理(li)(li)人員對檔(dang)案資料(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)歸納與(yu)整理(li)(li)不(bu)夠(gou)重視，同(tong)時建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位的(de)(de)(de)監管力度不(bu)夠(gou)，加之施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)(li)水平不(bu)同(tong)，導致了(le)在(zai)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)后(hou)，工(gong)(gong)程檔(dang)案資料(liao)(liao)不(bu)夠(gou)完整，或是(shi)還(huan)沒有(you)形成(cheng)。這樣不(bu)僅延誤了(le)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程檔(dang)案的(de)(de)(de)遞交，也無法(fa)很好的(de)(de)(de)反應建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)。

2、丟失問題嚴重

工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)資(zi)料(liao)的(de)(de)丟失(shi)是(shi)資(zi)料(liao)管理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作中較為常見的(de)(de)問題。在檔案人員管理(li)(li)不善，進度落(luo)后和(he)我國建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)單位(wei)普遍不重(zhong)視(shi)資(zi)料(liao)管理(li)(li)的(de)(de)大(da)環境下，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)資(zi)料(liao)收集一(yi)般較慢，回檔率也偏低。同時在借閱或管理(li)(li)人員易手情況下，缺乏妥善的(de)(de)管理(li)(li)機制(zhi)配合(he)，導致資(zi)料(liao)缺失(shi)。多(duo)數企業(ye)在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)竣工(gong)(gong)后，認為項(xiang)目(mu)已經完成(cheng)，資(zi)料(liao)歸檔則(ze)無(wu)關緊(jin)要，因此存(cun)在普遍缺失(shi)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)主(zhu)體資(zi)料(liao)，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)監理(li)(li)資(zi)料(liao)及工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)物資(zi)資(zi)料(liao)等現象(xiang)，這樣不僅影響(xiang)的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進度與質量，延緩了(le)竣工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)驗收工(gong)(gong)作，也對(dui)企業(ye)的(de)(de)聲譽與發(fa)展造成(cheng)了(le)一(yi)定的(de)(de)影響(xiang)。

3、缺乏科學保存機制

工(gong)程資(zi)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保存(cun)(cun)問題是指當工(gong)程建(jian)設相關的(de)(de)(de)(de)資(zi)料(liao)文件收集結束(shu)后，沒(mei)有按照規(gui)范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)裝(zhuang)訂(ding)和管理手段進行資(zi)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保存(cun)(cun)，從而導致了工(gong)程資(zi)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)混亂以(yi)及丟失(shi)等現(xian)象的(de)(de)(de)(de)發生。工(gong)程資(zi)料(liao)本身具有較(jiao)高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)邏輯性(xing)與(yu)嚴謹性(xing)，因此，在進行工(gong)程資(zi)料(liao)歸納存(cun)(cun)檔時，也(ye)應該遵照規(gui)定(ding)，妥(tuo)善(shan)保存(cun)(cun)，不能出(chu)現(xian)任何疏(shu)漏和差錯。但目前(qian)我國工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)單位(wei)對工(gong)程資(zi)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)保存(cun)(cun)工(gong)作并不到位(wei)，需要進行頁(ye)碼有序排(pai)列和裝(zhuang)訂(ding)的(de)(de)(de)(de)文件常常出(chu)現(xian)混亂，且相關證件的(de)(de)(de)(de)原件和復印件常常放在一起進行保存(cun)(cun)，這使得(de)區分選取(qu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過(guo)程變得(de)繁(fan)瑣，造成不必要的(de)(de)(de)(de)麻(ma)煩。部分施(shi)工(gong)單位(wei)甚(shen)至還出(chu)現(xian)錯裝(zhuang)和部分文件內容(rong)遺失(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題發生，嚴重影響了建(jian)筑工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常開展(zhan)，造成了巨大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟損(sun)失(shi)。

4、管理機制不全

由于各施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)水平良莠(you)不齊，多數(shu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)沒有(you)完(wan)善的檔(dang)案管理(li)機制，因此檔(dang)案機制不健全，是建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)資(zi)料收(shou)集與整理(li)面臨(lin)的突出問題，這(zhe)就使得(de)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)資(zi)料的收(shou)集與整理(li)難以(yi)保證與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)設(she)同步進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，也可能造成了(le)有(you)關建(jian)筑檔(dang)案資(zi)料嚴重缺(que)失(shi)，也在(zai)一(yi)定程(cheng)度上影響制約了(le)建(jian)筑施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)檔(dang)案資(zi)料管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的深入有(you)序推進(jin)(jin)，更為(wei)嚴重的是也必然影響了(le)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)建(jian)設(she)及進(jin)(jin)度

三、建筑工程資料管理應對措施(shi)

1、規范(fan)建筑(zhu)工程技術(shu)資料的管理

目前(qian)，建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)技術資料管理極不規范(fan)，下面就以竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)為例。竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)是建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中，根(gen)據實(shi)(shi)際情況繪制的反映(ying)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)成后實(shi)(shi)際形狀和(he)構造的一種(zhong)定(ding)型圖(tu)(tu)(tu)樣，在(zai)建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)技術資料中意義非凡。因(yin)此，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位應重視竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)，設專人管理或由(you)某一個工(gong)(gong)(gong)作人員(yuan)兼管竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)及其繪制，改(gai)變(bian)現(xian)在(zai)很多建(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位對竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)沒有(you)任何(he)修改(gai)、說(shuo)明，或者一些施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)已經(jing)改(gai)變(bian)的單位也不會(hui)重新(xin)繪圖(tu)(tu)(tu)等情況，僅(jin)在(zai)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)紙(zhi)上蓋個“竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)章(zhang)”，就作為竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)圖(tu)(tu)(tu)存檔的現(xian)狀。

2、做(zuo)好技術(shu)資(zi)料的整理保管

根據現場施工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)具體(ti)情況，有時(shi)導致技術(shu)資(zi)(zi)料(liao)是(shi)分散狀態(tai)，因(yin)此要求(qiu)有專人把資(zi)(zi)料(liao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)統一(yi)的(de)(de)(de)收(shou)集，按單位(wei)工(gong)程(cheng)、分部工(gong)程(cheng)和分項工(gong)程(cheng)逐項分類整(zheng)理。拿高(gao)層房建(jian)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)料(liao)來(lai)說(shuo)，我(wo)們(men)可(ke)以按樓(lou)(lou)號分別整(zheng)理，可(ke)以把一(yi)個樓(lou)(lou)的(de)(de)(de)所有地基(ji)、主體(ti)、裝飾(shi)裝修等分部資(zi)(zi)料(liao)放(fang)在一(yi)個單位(wei)工(gong)程(cheng)里進(jin)(jin)行(xing)組(zu)卷。不管以哪種方(fang)法進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，組(zu)卷要求(qiu)是(shi)平行(xing)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，不能交(jiao)叉進(jin)(jin)行(xing)，這樣容(rong)易造成資(zi)(zi)料(liao)混亂(luan)。對資(zi)(zi)料(liao)應建(jian)立(li)(li)專門的(de)(de)(de)臺帳，詳細記錄(lu)每一(yi)個施工(gong)項目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間，每一(yi)份資(zi)(zi)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)存放(fang)地點，方(fang)便查閱(yue)內(nei)業資(zi)(zi)料(liao)是(shi)否及時(shi)、完(wan)整(zheng)。要用的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候能立(li)(li)即進(jin)(jin)行(xing)查閱(yue)，從而能減輕(qing)內(nei)業人員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)作強度。

3、提高檔案工作人員(yuan)專業技能和素質

要(yao)管理(li)(li)(li)好工(gong)程資料(liao)必(bi)須把住人才引(yin)入關，招聘時引(yin)入的工(gong)作人員(yuan)(yuan)必(bi)須具備較高的文化專業(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識，并且專業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)術、技(ji)能較高。再者，要(yao)定(ding)期或者不定(ding)期組(zu)織建設(she)單(dan)位的資料(liao)員(yuan)(yuan)參加檔(dang)案(an)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務培訓，掌握檔(dang)案(an)整理(li)(li)(li)立卷規范操作方法(fa)、建設(she)程序(xu)和(he)(he)基(ji)建專業(ye)(ye)(ye)知(zhi)識。檔(dang)案(an)人員(yuan)(yuan)應努力學習檔(dang)案(an)業(ye)(ye)(ye)務、管理(li)(li)(li)理(li)(li)(li)論和(he)(he)方法(fa)、網絡和(he)(he)計算(suan)機知(zhi)識，提高自身(shen)素質，運(yun)用檔(dang)案(an)學科(ke)新(xin)理(li)(li)(li)論、新(xin)技(ji)術來指導和(he)(he)改(gai)進檔(dang)案(an)工(gong)作，加速(su)檔(dang)案(an)科(ke)技(ji)進步，推動檔(dang)案(an)事(shi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)發展。

4、提(ti)高認(ren)識(shi)，加(jia)強前端控制

提高(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管理(li)人員(yuan)(yuan)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)資(zi)料(liao)管理(li)重要作(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)認識，明(ming)確工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)(she)(she)中形成的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)資(zi)料(liao)內容，掌握工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)資(zi)料(liao)分(fen)類(lei)標準。從建設(she)(she)(she)前期就對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)料(liao)整(zheng)(zheng)理(li)，分(fen)類(lei)設(she)(she)(she)置歸類(lei)，保(bao)障將來收(shou)集施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)料(liao)的(de)(de)(de)完整(zheng)(zheng)性，按照“三同(tong)步”的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)原則(ze)，保(bao)證(zheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)料(liao)管理(li)與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)(she)(she)“同(tong)步收(shou)集、同(tong)步整(zheng)(zheng)理(li)，同(tong)步竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)”，提高(gao)各參建單位資(zi)料(liao)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效率和竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)料(liao)整(zheng)(zheng)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)進度，避免因竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)資(zi)料(liao)整(zheng)(zheng)理(li)不及時而影響(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)現象。

5、加(jia)強培訓教育，提(ti)高對工(gong)程資料管理的(de)認識水(shui)平，提(ti)高技術(shu)隊伍的(de)業務(wu)素質

首先應加(jia)強對各級領導干部的(de)培訓(xun)教育，提高他們(men)對技(ji)術(shu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)重要(yao)性(xing)的(de)認識，使他們(men)在審批(pi)、檢查技(ji)術(shu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)時對其不足(zu)要(yao)令(ling)其改正。同時，對廣大工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)人員(yuan)(yuan)開展技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)理和技(ji)術(shu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)管(guan)理培訓(xun)，使他們(men)明白技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)理、技(ji)術(shu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)的(de)地位、作用，掌(zhang)握(wo)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)填寫的(de)要(yao)領、格式(shi)及(ji)驗收(shou)流程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)等(deng)。為了確保工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)技(ji)術(shu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)的(de)真實(shi)性(xing)，工程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項目須(xu)設專職(zhi)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)員(yuan)(yuan)，質(zhi)檢員(yuan)(yuan)要(yao)配(pei)合資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)員(yuan)(yuan)的(de)工作，進行現場的(de)實(shi)測實(shi)量，并把記(ji)錄原(yuan)始數據填入驗收(shou)記(ji)錄表中，同時技(ji)術(shu)資(zi)(zi)(zi)料(liao)(liao)要(yao)與(yu)施(shi)工進度同步(bu)。

四、結束語

總(zong)之，工(gong)程技術資(zi)料工(gong)作(zuo)在(zai)工(gong)程建設中(zhong)需(xu)要(yao)多方(fang)(fang)面的(de)密(mi)切配合與支持，只(zhi)有建設工(gong)程的(de)各方(fang)(fang)主體積極行動(dong)起來，熟(shu)悉(xi)(xi)施工(gong)圖紙，熟(shu)悉(xi)(xi)規范與標準(zhun)，運(yun)用先進(jin)的(de)科學管理方(fang)(fang)法，系統(tong)全面地操作(zuo)，建筑(zhu)工(gong)程技術資(zi)料才能全面、真實的(de)反映工(gong)程施工(gong)情況。

參考文獻

篇3

中圖分類號：TU198文獻標識碼(ma)： A

引言：

所謂的(de)(de)(de)加強對建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)檔案(an)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)，主要是在一(yi)(yi)些(xie)城市規(gui)劃(hua)密度比較大的(de)(de)(de)區(qu)域，會(hui)有很多的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)同時進(jin)行(xing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)時候(hou)會(hui)出現(xian)很多的(de)(de)(de)有關建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)信息，把(ba)這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)信息綜合起(qi)來(lai)，就形成了(le)我(wo)們(men)所說的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)檔案(an)。這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)檔案(an)記錄著建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)過程(cheng)，承(cheng)載著前輩們(men)進(jin)行(xing)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)心血，能夠為我(wo)們(men)進(jin)行(xing)現(xian)代建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)提供一(yi)(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)幫(bang)助，這(zhe)(zhe)(zhe)些(xie)資料(liao)對建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)師的(de)(de)(de)幫(bang)助也(ye)是非常大的(de)(de)(de)。我(wo)們(men)可以(yi)(yi)通過對建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)檔案(an)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)作(zuo)和研究，把(ba)其中的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)些(xie)資料(liao)轉化成我(wo)們(men)可以(yi)(yi)直接(jie)利用的(de)(de)(de)生產力，然后就可以(yi)(yi)推動城市在建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)方面(mian)的(de)(de)(de)發展了(le)，可以(yi)(yi)造福社(she)會(hui)。

一、加強建(jian)筑工(gong)程檔案(an)管理(li)的(de)重要性

工程(cheng)檔案是(shi)(shi)指在城(cheng)市規劃、建(jian)設(she)及(ji)其(qi)管(guan)理(li)活動中直接(jie)(jie)形(xing)成的(de)(de)對國家和(he)社會具有保存價值(zhi)的(de)(de)文字(zi)、圖紙、圖表、聲像等各種(zhong)載體(ti)的(de)(de)文件材料(liao)。它是(shi)(shi)傳承(cheng)城(cheng)市人類文明的(de)(de)載體(ti)，是(shi)(shi)建(jian)設(she)項目全過程(cheng)的(de)(de)原始(shi)、真實記錄，是(shi)(shi)寶貴的(de)(de)信(xin)息資源，是(shi)(shi)一座豐富的(de)(de)知識(shi)寶庫，是(shi)(shi)城(cheng)市建(jian)設(she)的(de)(de)一種(zhong)潛在的(de)(de)生(sheng)產力。通過對它的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)、編研、開(kai)發和(he)利用，必將轉(zhuan)化為(wei)直接(jie)(jie)的(de)(de)生(sheng)產力，推動城(cheng)市建(jian)設(she)發展，為(wei)社會創造更多的(de)(de)財(cai)富。

隨(sui)著經(jing)濟(ji)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)和城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)快速發展，建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)越來(lai)越多，對(dui)加快城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)、改善人民生活、促進經(jing)濟(ji)發展有著十分(fen)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意義(yi)。在(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)會形成各(ge)種各(ge)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)文檔(dang)(dang)材(cai)料、有建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)前(qian)期批文、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)記(ji)錄、竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)驗(yan)收資(zi)料及維(wei)護檢修記(ji)錄等，這些文檔(dang)(dang)材(cai)料全(quan)面反映了(le)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)詳細情(qing)況(kuang)，對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質量評(ping)定、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)后的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理(li)和維(wei)護，以及對(dui)新建(jian)(jian)(jian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)準備等，都具(ju)有重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)利用價值。因此，認真做好工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)案(an)管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作是(shi)非常重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。（1）加強(qiang)對(dui)檔(dang)(dang)案(an)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)集中(zhong)(zhong)統一(yi)管理(li)、是(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)案(an)齊全(quan)、完整(zheng)、規范的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)保證；（2）工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)案(an)是(shi)積(ji)累城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)經(jing)驗(yan)，進行(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)技術儲備的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)手段(duan)，是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)活動的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)產物；（3）工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)案(an)是(shi)進行(xing)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)規劃工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎；（4） 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)案(an)是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)和管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)；（5）工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)案(an)是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)一(yi)切建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑物、構筑物維(wei)修、改擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)， 是(shi)提(ti)高(gao)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)經(jing)濟(ji)效益的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最佳途徑；（6） 工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)案(an)是(shi)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)防災、挽(wan)災、減災和戰爭(zheng)破壞后恢復重(zhong)(zhong)建(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)依(yi)(yi)據(ju)。

另(ling)外，建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔案對(dui)(dui)防范(fan)自然(ran)災害的(de)(de)破壞及破壞后(hou)的(de)(de)恢復(fu)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)都有(you)(you)著不(bu)可替代的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，更(geng)是(shi)(shi)預防自然(ran)災害、減少損(sun)失的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)手段之一(yi)；建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔案是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)(de)真實記錄，客觀記錄和(he)反(fan)映(ying)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)各個環節的(de)(de)內在(zai)聯系和(he)本(ben)質規律，對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)后(hou)期檢測、維修、改建(jian)(jian)(jian)、擴建(jian)(jian)(jian)、拆除和(he)其(qi)他(ta)(ta)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)具有(you)(you)指(zhi)導利用(yong)(yong)、借(jie)鑒參(can)考及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)科學技術(shu)研究等有(you)(you)著重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)：（1） 建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔案與工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)使用(yong)(yong)管理有(you)(you)著十分緊密的(de)(de)聯系，工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)使用(yong)(yong)管理始終離不(bu)開檔案的(de)(de)支持；（2）建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔案不(bu)僅(jin)對(dui)(dui)本(ben)身工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)有(you)(you)指(zhi)導利用(yong)(yong)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，而且(qie)對(dui)(dui)其(qi)他(ta)(ta)同類工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)(she)(she)計建(jian)(jian)(jian)設(she)(she)(she)有(you)(you)著重(zhong)要(yao)的(de)(de)參(can)考借(jie)鑒作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)，可以(yi)使檔案得到重(zhong)復(fu)多次利用(yong)(yong)，是(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔案活(huo)力和(he)價(jia)值的(de)(de)體現(xian)；（3）促進了(le)建(jian)(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)科學技術(shu)的(de)(de)研究發展。

二、怎樣做好(hao)工程(cheng)檔(dang)案(an)的管(guan)理

1. 深入現場研(yan)究

建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)建設項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目是城(cheng)市(shi)經濟發(fa)展和社會進(jin)步的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)基(ji)礎設施(shi)，也是發(fa)揮城(cheng)市(shi)多(duo)功能作(zuo)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵，它(ta)(ta)關(guan)系到國(guo)計民生，又體(ti)現(xian)(xian)(xian)著城(cheng)市(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)現(xian)(xian)(xian)代化水平。因此它(ta)(ta)是城(cheng)市(shi)規劃、建設、管理的(de)(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)依據。所以，要(yao)在(zai)主動(dong)做(zuo)好(hao)對(dui)建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)業(ye)務指(zhi)導(dao)、現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)跟蹤服務、檔(dang)(dang)(dang)案接收工(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)同時，對(dui)登記在(zai)冊的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目進(jin)行清查、摸底、分析研究，積極探(tan)索，特(te)(te)別是對(dui)一些影(ying)響大、意義深(shen)遠的(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)，不(bu)但深(shen)入(ru)現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)進(jin)行業(ye)務指(zhi)導(dao)，而(er)且(qie)還與(yu)建設單位(wei)(wei)就工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有關(guan)特(te)(te)殊事(shi)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)進(jin)行現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)勘查，了解工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實際(ji)情況，在(zai)思想認識上達成一致(zhi)，再制定(ding)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)案整編(bian)方案，做(zuo)好(hao)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目檔(dang)(dang)(dang)案的(de)(de)(de)(de)示范樣本(ben)，現(xian)(xian)(xian)場(chang)指(zhi)導(dao)、實地操作(zuo)，及時解決疑難性問題，并做(zuo)好(hao)該工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)跟蹤服務工(gong)作(zuo)，創出了重(zhong)點工(gong)程(cheng)服務的(de)(de)(de)(de)新路子，得到建設單位(wei)(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)好(hao)評。

2. 把檔(dang)案管理工作(zuo)重視(shi)起來

建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)非(fei)常重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，而且(qie)如(ru)何(he)才(cai)(cai)(cai)能夠(gou)(gou)提(ti)高我(wo)們對(dui)(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)水平是(shi)(shi)(shi)現在困擾我(wo)們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)個(ge)非(fei)常關鍵(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原因，這(zhe)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)在整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)設過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中都有(you)著非(fei)常大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)用，所(suo)以，負責(ze)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)人(ren)員(yuan)必須要(yao)(yao)時(shi)刻(ke)和工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)同步，這(zhe)樣才(cai)(cai)(cai)能夠(gou)(gou)把建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)做好(hao)，才(cai)(cai)(cai)能夠(gou)(gou)為建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)增磚添瓦，尤其是(shi)(shi)(shi)在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)初期，這(zhe)時(shi)候的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)也處于一(yi)個(ge)萌芽的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)階段，我(wo)們在這(zhe)個(ge)階段一(yi)定要(yao)(yao)把工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)做好(hao)，否則對(dui)(dui)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)價(jia)值會(hui)有(you)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響。在一(yi)些建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)公(gong)司中，企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高層(ceng)領(ling)導(dao)對(dui)(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)重(zhong)視程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度不夠(gou)(gou)，在工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)剛開始施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，并沒有(you)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)編(bian)寫工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，直(zhi)到工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)快要(yao)(yao)結束的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)候，企(qi)業(ye)才(cai)(cai)(cai)開始慌忙的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)編(bian)寫工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)，更有(you)甚者(zhe)，企(qi)業(ye)根本(ben)就(jiu)找不到編(bian)寫施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)人(ren)員(yuan)，這(zhe)樣不僅對(dui)(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)收集編(bian)寫有(you)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，同時(shi)也不利于建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)企(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。一(yi)些規模不是(shi)(shi)(shi)很(hen)大(da)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)業(ye)并沒有(you)設立檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)人(ren)員(yuan)這(zhe)一(yi)職(zhi)位，建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)資料(liao)雖然有(you)，但是(shi)(shi)(shi)特別(bie)分散(san)，如(ru)果需要(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)緊急的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資料(liao)統(tong)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，那(nei)么就(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)大(da)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)，這(zhe)時(shi)候很(hen)可能就(jiu)會(hui)延誤檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)時(shi)間，所(suo)以，企(qi)業(ye)一(yi)定要(yao)(yao)把具(ju)體的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)重(zhong)視起(qi)來，這(zhe)樣檔(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)(zuo)才(cai)(cai)(cai)能夠(gou)(gou)做的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)更好(hao)。

3. 引(yin)進高級(ji)管理(li)人員(yuan)

我(wo)(wo)們生活在現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)程(cheng)度比(bi)較(jiao)高的(de)社會，想要(yao)(yao)把現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)城市建(jian)(jian)設好(hao)是(shi)離不(bu)開現(xian)(xian)代人才(cai)的(de)，在進行(xing)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)檔案(an)(an)管理(li)(li)的(de)時候，同(tong)樣(yang)需要(yao)(yao)綜(zong)合素質較(jiao)高的(de)現(xian)(xian)代化(hua)管理(li)(li)人員，如果想要(yao)(yao)做到這一(yi)點，就(jiu)需要(yao)(yao)企業(ye)給(gei)檔案(an)(an)管理(li)(li)人員進行(xing)專業(ye)的(de)培訓，并努力(li)提(ti)高這些檔案(an)(an)管理(li)(li)人員的(de)綜(zong)合素質，讓(rang)每位檔案(an)(an)管理(li)(li)人員都有(you)(you)獨(du)立管理(li)(li)這些檔案(an)(an)的(de)能力(li)。 這樣(yang)不(bu)僅能夠(gou)更好(hao)地把工(gong)程(cheng)檔案(an)(an)管理(li)(li)好(hao)，而(er)且還(huan)能夠(gou)幫(bang)助我(wo)(wo)們進行(xing)檔案(an)(an)的(de)規范化(hua)管理(li)(li)。與此(ci)同(tong)時，我(wo)(wo)們需要(yao)(yao)對將(jiang)要(yao)(yao)整(zheng)理(li)(li)的(de)文(wen)檔進行(xing)一(yi)定的(de)整(zheng)理(li)(li)工(gong)作，無論(lun)是(shi)哪(na)種管理(li)(li)方(fang)案(an)(an)都會有(you)(you)相應的(de)管理(li)(li)規范，按(an)照(zhao)這些規范的(de)內容(rong)去進行(xing)管理(li)(li)才(cai)能夠(gou)讓(rang)建(jian)(jian)設工(gong)程(cheng)檔案(an)(an)發揮出(chu)最大的(de)作用。

4. 有效利用計算機(ji)資源，建(jian)立本部門的(de)檔案檢索系統

提(ti)高(gao)(gao)各部(bu)(bu)門（單位）的(de)(de)檔案(an)管(guan)理水平(ping)，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)各部(bu)(bu)門檔案(an)管(guan)理工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)協調(diao)工(gong)(gong)作能力，方便(bian)各部(bu)(bu)門（單位）對(dui)檔案(an)利用(yong)，藉以提(ti)高(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)作效率(lv)。按照檔案(an)的(de)(de)性(xing)質和(he)類型，收(shou)集整理的(de)(de)部(bu)(bu)門的(de)(de)檔案(an)資(zi)料，內部(bu)(bu)文件、記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄按照文件和(he)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄的(de)(de)形(xing)成部(bu)(bu)門和(he)類別進行分(fen)類與編號；對(dui)外來(lai)文件記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄與公司的(de)(de)模板文件記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄按照文件和(he)記(ji)(ji)(ji)錄的(de)(de)來(lai)源、性(xing)質不(bu)同分(fen)類，編號采(cai)用(yong)其自然形(xing)成的(de)(de)編號。

5. 工(gong)程(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)驗收(shou)(shou)備案(an)(an)(an)(an)工(gong)作是工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)(she)項目管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)最后一(yi)道程(cheng)序，其形成的(de)(de)備案(an)(an)(an)(an)文件(jian)材料是工(gong)程(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)(an)(an)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要組成部分，也是各級建設(she)(she)行政主管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)部門日后管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要依據，而且工(gong)程(cheng)備案(an)(an)(an)(an)和工(gong)程(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)(an)(an)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)性質和目的(de)(de)在(zai)很大程(cheng)度上是一(yi)致的(de)(de)，因此將工(gong)程(cheng)竣(jun)工(gong)驗收(shou)(shou)備案(an)(an)(an)(an)工(gong)作與(yu)工(gong)程(cheng)檔(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)(an)(an)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作結(jie)合起來， 委(wei)托各級城建檔(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)(an)(an)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)機(ji)構管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)，對深(shen)化建設(she)(she)工(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體制，規范檔(dang)(dang)(dang)案(an)(an)(an)(an)收(shou)(shou)集、整理(li)(li)(li)(li)、歸檔(dang)(dang)(dang)、保管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)，建立健全工(gong)程(cheng)建設(she)(she)長期(qi)有效的(de)(de)監督(du)機(ji)制是十分必要的(de)(de)。

結束語：

我們必須要進行合理的(de)工(gong)程(cheng)檔(dang)案管(guan)(guan)理工(gong)作，因為(wei)這項(xiang)工(gong)作在具體(ti)的(de)建設過程(cheng)中發揮著非常重要的(de)作用(yong)，與此同時，它還能夠在一(yi)定程(cheng)度上加快我國城(cheng)鎮化的(de)步伐，可以(yi)(yi)給我們提供一(yi)個(ge)相對和(he)諧的(de)社會環(huan)境，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)，我們必須要把建筑工(gong)程(cheng)檔(dang)案的(de)管(guan)(guan)理工(gong)作做好。完成這項(xiang)工(gong)作需要很(hen)多人的(de)努力(li)，僅憑一(yi)個(ge)或(huo)幾個(ge)人是不能夠完成這項(xiang)任(ren)務(wu)的(de)，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)我們還必須要制定出一(yi)些特定的(de)措施去保證這項(xiang)工(gong)作可以(yi)(yi)順利(li)的(de)進行下去。

篇4

關鍵詞:建筑工程;施工技術管(guan)理(li);重要(yao)性(xing)

Key words: construction engineering;the importance of building construction;importance

中圖分類號:TU71 文獻標識碼:A文章編號:1006-4311(2010)27-0044-02

0引言

建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)管理(li)(li)是現代建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)管理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)重點,其對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)(zhi)量管理(li)(li)、成本管理(li)(li)等管理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)有(you)著(zhu)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響,是現代建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)各項管理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)開展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)基礎。隨著(zhu)近年來建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目的(de)(de)(de)增多,建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)市場競爭也不斷(duan)加劇。作(zuo)為企(qi)(qi)業(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目開展(zhan)的(de)(de)(de)基礎,施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)管理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性也日(ri)益凸顯。科學分(fen)(fen)析建筑(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性、分(fen)(fen)析其對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響、分(fen)(fen)析其對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響有(you)助(zhu)于提高(gao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)綜合管理(li)(li)能力(li),促(cu)進企(qi)(qi)業(ye)各項管理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)科學開展(zhan)。

1建筑工(gong)程施工(gong)技術管理現狀

目前,我國建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作還停(ting)留在(zai)粗放型(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)上,沒有系統的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)體系,單純的(de)(de)(de)(de)依靠質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作以(yi)及文(wen)件歸檔進行施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)。而且由于工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)標后的(de)(de)(de)(de)分包施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)(zhong),中(zhong)(zhong)標企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)缺乏對分包企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作,也使得現代建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作開展困難,影(ying)響了施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科學開展。最終導致了施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)不(bu)到(dao)位、粗放型(xing)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)影(ying)響了技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi),造成施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作不(bu)能為質(zhi)量(liang)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)、成本管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)等管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作提(ti)供良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎,影(ying)響了建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)正常開展,影(ying)響了建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)綜合市場競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高。針對這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)情況,加快建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)分析與研究(jiu),提(ti)高施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)對技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)認識,促進施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作水平的(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高,以(yi)此為施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)綜合市場競爭(zheng)力(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高奠(dian)定基礎已經成為現代建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)面臨(lin)的(de)(de)(de)(de)首要問題。

2建(jian)筑工(gong)程施工(gong)技術管理重要性及其對(dui)企業各項工(gong)作的影響分析

2.1 建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)對(dui)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)作(zuo)(zuo)用。建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)是現代工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要組成(cheng)部分(fen),是企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)表(biao)現。施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科學開(kai)展直(zhi)接影(ying)響到(dao)(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)參數的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)控制、影(ying)響到(dao)(dao)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)。同時(shi)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)還是企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)力量(liang)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)直(zhi)接反映,是企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)力量(liang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)表(biao)現,其對(dui)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)通(tong)(tong)病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預防有著重要的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響,是企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)過科學的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)降低(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)通(tong)(tong)病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生、減(jian)低(di)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量(liang)通(tong)(tong)病防治成(cheng)本,有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)高企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)。以建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)為基礎開(kai)展的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)能夠(gou)(gou)有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)建(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高,促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)水(shui)平的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)提(ti)高,促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)以技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)為中心、成(cheng)本管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)為重點(dian)、向質(zhi)量(liang)要效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)目標的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)實現。通(tong)(tong)過施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)科學開(kai)展能夠(gou)(gou)有效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地整(zheng)合(he)(he)(he)優(you)化企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)流程(cheng)(cheng)、促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)各(ge)項管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開(kai)展,最終達到(dao)(dao)促(cu)(cu)進(jin)(jin)(jin)企(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)綜(zong)合(he)(he)(he)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平提(ti)高的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。

2.2 建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術管理(li)對企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)、質量(liang)管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)促(cu)進作(zuo)用。建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)市(shi)場競(jing)爭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)日益(yi)(yi)激烈使(shi)得越(yue)來越(yue)多的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)通(tong)過(guo)(guo)降低投標(biao)(biao)價(jia)格、緊(jin)縮利(li)潤(run)空(kong)間以促(cu)進中標(biao)(biao)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)達成。這在(zai)(zai)很大程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)度(du)上影響(xiang)了(le)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)利(li)潤(run),也造成了(le)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)市(shi)場惡意競(jing)爭情(qing)況(kuang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出現。由于緊(jin)縮利(li)潤(run)空(kong)間、降低投標(biao)(biao)價(jia)格進行投標(biao)(biao)導致(zhi)了(le)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)利(li)潤(run)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)逐年(nian)降低,影響(xiang)了(le)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展。如何在(zai)(zai)目前的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況(kuang)下提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)成為(wei)了(le)現代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)面臨的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)首要問題。正確認(ren)識施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術管理(li)對企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)促(cu)進作(zuo)用、以技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)為(wei)基礎提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經(jing)濟(ji)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)益(yi)(yi)成為(wei)了(le)現代建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)。通(tong)過(guo)(guo)科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術管理(li)實(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)能夠使(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)各部門職(zhi)責(ze)更加明確、提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)部門間的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)配合、減(jian)少(shao)(shao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)推諉,提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)率。同時科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術管理(li)體(ti)系(xi)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術管理(li)責(ze)任(ren)制還能夠幫助企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術發現施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)存(cun)在(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)問題,減(jian)少(shao)(shao)和避免(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質量(liang)通(tong)病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)。科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術管理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)還能夠有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)地對建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術參數進行嚴格管理(li)與控制,有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)避免(mian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質量(liang)通(tong)病的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng),減(jian)少(shao)(shao)和降低質量(liang)通(tong)病治理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成本支出,有(you)效(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)利(li)益(yi)(yi)。

科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)技(ji)術管理工(gong)(gong)作還能夠為企業(ye)(ye)合(he)同簽訂過程提供(gong)基礎的(de)(de)技(ji)術咨詢,確保施(shi)工(gong)(gong)合(he)同技(ji)術內容(rong)的(de)(de)可(ke)行性(xing)與科(ke)學(xue)性(xing),減(jian)少和(he)避免由(you)于(yu)合(he)同簽訂中(zhong)技(ji)術問(wen)題(ti)影(ying)響企業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)經濟利益。例如:在(zai)針(zhen)對(dui)建筑工(gong)(gong)程量(liang)、工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)季(ji)節(jie)與地域的(de)(de)氣候(hou)條件(jian)科(ke)學(xue)的(de)(de)分析工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)(qi),避免由(you)于(yu)對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)季(ji)節(jie)、地域氣候(hou)因素考慮不全造成影(ying)響工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)情(qing)況(kuang)的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng),減(jian)少由(you)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)設置不合(he)理、工(gong)(gong)期(qi)(qi)(qi)延誤造成的(de)(de)企業(ye)(ye)經濟損失。

嚴(yan)格的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理能夠有(you)效的(de)保障施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)人員、設(she)備(bei)操作(zuo)等工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)科學進行,避免技(ji)術(shu)人員、設(she)備(bei)操作(zuo)等因素影響工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)質量。同時還(huan)能夠有(you)效的(de)減少(shao)操作(zuo)因素造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)設(she)備(bei)故障與安全事(shi)故,有(you)效的(de)降(jiang)低(di)由(you)于設(she)備(bei)操作(zuo)造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)事(shi)故成(cheng)本。科學的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)還(huan)能夠促進企業(ye)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)水(shui)平的(de)提高(gao)、促進施(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)、新(xin)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)的(de)應用(yong),以(yi)新(xin)技(ji)術(shu)、新(xin)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)應用(yong)降(jiang)低(di)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本,提高(gao)企業(ye)的(de)經(jing)濟效益。

作(zuo)(zuo)為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)結(jie)(jie)算工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)資(zi)料,工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)術(shu)文(wen)件(jian)對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)結(jie)(jie)算有著(zhu)重要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響。通過(guo)(guo)科(ke)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理能(neng)夠有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)提高(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)設(she)計變更、現場(chang)簽(qian)證、違約索賠等工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)原始憑證,以技(ji)術(shu)文(wen)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科(ke)學管(guan)(guan)理為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)結(jie)(jie)算奠(dian)定(ding)基礎,保障企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)利(li)益,促(cu)進企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)結(jie)(jie)算資(zi)金的(de)(de)(de)(de)快速回籠,降(jiang)低企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)貸款資(zi)金利(li)率,提高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)效益。同時(shi)科(ke)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)文(wen)件(jian)管(guan)(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)流程(cheng)還能(neng)夠有效提高(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)設(she)計變更等文(wen)件(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)及時(shi)下(xia)達,避免文(wen)件(jian)下(xia)達延誤(wu)造成的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)損失(shi),保障企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟(ji)利(li)益。以科(ke)學的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)為基礎,促(cu)進企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)理各項工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有序開(kai)展,提高(gao)(gao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)效率,提高(gao)(gao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)成本管(guan)(guan)理效果,促(cu)進企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)經濟(ji)效益的(de)(de)(de)(de)提高(gao)(gao)。

3建筑工(gong)程施工(gong)技術管理工(gong)作(zuo)的科(ke)學(xue)開展

建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)科學開展必須(xu)以企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)完善的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)體系(xi)為基礎(chu)(chu),以嚴(yan)格的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)為重點(dian)進行(xing)。因此(ci),現(xian)代建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)必須(xu)積極構(gou)建并(bing)完善自身(shen)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)體系(xi),明確施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程各(ge)部門、人員的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)職責與(yu)權限,強(qiang)化對(dui)(dui)分包工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo),以此(ci)為基礎(chu)(chu)開展施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li),保(bao)障(zhang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量。針對(dui)(dui)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)各(ge)項管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(如(ru):技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)文件(jian)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)參數(shu)控制(zhi)等(deng))對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)影響,以科學的(de)(de)(de)(de)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)方法(fa)進行(xing)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi),提高(gao)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效果,促進企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)綜合管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)(de)提升(sheng)。建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)要針對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)際(ji)情況以及自身(shen)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)流程特點(dian)等(deng),進行(xing)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)體系(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)構(gou)建,以此(ci)提高(gao)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)適(shi)應性與(yu)適(shi)用性,避免(mian)照搬其他企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)體系(xi)造成實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)過程中不能適(shi)用于本(ben)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)、本(ben)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程等(deng)情況的(de)(de)(de)(de)發生,提高(gao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)(ye)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)實(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)效果。

4結論

綜(zong)(zong)上所(suo)述,現(xian)代(dai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)科學(xue)實施(shi)有(you)助于提高(gao)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)經濟效益、提高(gao)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang),有(you)效控制工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)參數,達到質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)預(yu)控目(mu)的(de)(de)(de),以此降(jiang)低企業(ye)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)通病治理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)成本,提高(gao)企業(ye)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)經濟效益。同時(shi)科學(xue)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)促進(jin)了(le)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)質(zhi)量(liang)(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)提高(gao),促進(jin)了(le)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)市(shi)場競爭力(li)的(de)(de)(de)提高(gao),現(xian)代(dai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)企業(ye)必須認識到技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)(de)重要性,加快自身技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)體系的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設與完善(shan),提高(gao)企業(ye)綜(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)市(shi)場競爭力(li),促進(jin)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)健康發展。

參考文獻:

篇5

1、前言

建(jian)筑工程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)(guan)理(li)與我們一(yi)般所說的(de)(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業管(guan)(guan)理(li)不同(tong)，企(qi)(qi)業管(guan)(guan)理(li)作重要(yao)和最(zui)主要(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)對象是企(qi)(qi)業人(ren)員(yuan)，而建(jian)筑工程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)無(wu)論是在內容上(shang)還(huan)是范(fan)圍(wei)上(shang)都比(bi)企(qi)(qi)業管(guan)(guan)理(li)要(yao)復雜的(de)(de)(de)(de)多、全面的(de)(de)(de)(de)多，主要(yao)涵蓋了“施工設(she)備、施工規(gui)劃、施工材料”等綜合性的(de)(de)(de)(de)問題。在建(jian)筑工程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)工作中(zhong)，不僅要(yao)發(fa)揮工程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目負責人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)作用，同(tong)時也要(yao)發(fa)揮建(jian)筑工程(cheng)(cheng)各個基(ji)層的(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)作用，因為建(jian)筑工程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目是一(yi)個施工量大、施工范(fan)圍(wei)廣、涉及內容寬(kuan)泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)工程(cheng)(cheng)，所以管(guan)(guan)理(li)工作的(de)(de)(de)(de)開展并不是輕而易舉(ju)能夠辦到的(de)(de)(de)(de)。

2、建筑工程管理的意義和重要性

2.1建(jian)筑工(gong)程管理的意義

建筑工(gong)程管理可以有效控制工(gong)程進度

如果建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)缺(que)乏科(ke)學合理(li)的(de)規劃和管(guan)理(li)，那么(me)關于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時間、竣(jun)工(gong)(gong)(gong)時間等(deng)(deng)這樣一個施工(gong)(gong)(gong)周(zhou)期就沒有嚴格的(de)標準，到時候就會(hui)導致施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)程(cheng)落(luo)后從而使(shi)得投資成本增加，不(bu)利(li)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)經濟(ji)效益(yi)的(de)獲(huo)得；也有可能(neng)是(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)度過(guo)快(kuai)，而使(shi)得施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)環節質量得不(bu)到保(bao)證等(deng)(deng)。開(kai)展建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作，可以有效地(di)對(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度進(jin)行(xing)控制，使(shi)得既能(neng)保(bao)證工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)質量，又節約時間，減少成本，增加經濟(ji)利(li)潤。

建筑工程管理(li)可(ke)以提高工程建設質量

如果工(gong)(gong)程建設(she)中沒有質量管理的(de)約束，就會出現類(lei)似于“偷工(gong)(gong)減料、以(yi)次充好(hao)”等的(de)現象(xiang)，小則(ze)影響(xiang)了建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)質量，造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)經濟利(li)益的(de)損失(shi)；大則(ze)造(zao)成(cheng)(cheng)不可挽救(jiu)的(de)安全(quan)(quan)隱患，危害人(ren)民群眾的(de)生命(ming)財(cai)產安全(quan)(quan)。因(yin)此，必須加強建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)質量管理，一來可以(yi)有效(xiao)控制質量，保證(zheng)(zheng)經濟效(xiao)益，二來也避免了返工(gong)(gong)現象(xiang)的(de)出現，避免了危及(ji)施工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)作人(ren)員甚至(zhi)是消費者的(de)生命(ming)財(cai)產的(de)安全(quan)(quan)現象(xiang)的(de)發(fa)生，工(gong)(gong)程質量的(de)保證(zheng)(zheng)就是工(gong)(gong)程信譽的(de)保證(zheng)(zheng)，也同時是建筑(zhu)企業能夠長遠盈利(li)的(de)保證(zheng)(zheng)。

2.2 建筑工程管理的重要性

管理(li)問(wen)題影響建筑工程的最終效益

建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)如若(ruo)沒有響(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)制(zhi)度，井然有序(xu)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)也就不(bu)復存在，工(gong)程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)會變(bian)得雜亂(luan)無章，各(ge)種施工(gong)建(jian)設(she)缺乏秩序(xu)、不(bu)按要(yao)求，這(zhe)樣的(de)(de)(de)結果必然是嚴重的(de)(de)(de)浪費、甚至是嚴重的(de)(de)(de)違規。建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)最終目的(de)(de)(de)旨在通過勞動獲得相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟報酬，只有通過科學合(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)管理(li)制(zhi)度來對(dui)工(gong)程(cheng)進行(xing)(xing)合(he)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)規范(fan)和約束(shu)，才能保(bao)證工(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)順利(li)進行(xing)(xing)和豐(feng)厚的(de)(de)(de)利(li)潤回報。

管理問(wen)題影響承建企(qi)業的(de)未來發(fa)展(zhan)

一個行(xing)事(shi)沒有(you)秩(zhi)序、缺乏規范(fan)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)是(shi)無法立千秋之基業(ye)(ye)、獲萬世(shi)之垂青(qing)的(de)(de)(de)，尤其(qi)是(shi)規模較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)。正如前面所說建筑工程(cheng)管(guan)理(li)所涉及的(de)(de)(de)內容(rong)復(fu)雜、管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)范(fan)圍廣闊，無論是(shi)哪個施(shi)工環節(jie)缺乏規范(fan)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)都有(you)可能造成(cheng)始料未(wei)及的(de)(de)(de)后果。建筑工程(cheng)由于(yu)管(guan)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)不到位(wei)而造成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)事(shi)故，只(zhi)要一次(ci)就足以(yi)對(dui)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)名譽造成(cheng)不可挽回的(de)(de)(de)影響，動(dong)搖(yao)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)(ye)未(wei)來的(de)(de)(de)穩(wen)定、長遠(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)基礎(chu)。

3、建筑工程管理中的關鍵(jian)要素

3.1 質量管理要素

質(zhi)量管理(li)要素(su)是整個(ge)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)中最(zui)重要的(de)(de)(de)部(bu)分，因為建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)好壞，將集中體現(xian)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量方(fang)面。因此(ci)在(zai)(zai)管理(li)中要注意以(yi)(yi)下幾點：第一，對(dui)于建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)來說，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)前必(bi)須要喝承建(jian)(jian)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)簽訂合(he)同，明確建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量目標，建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)可(ke)以(yi)(yi)根據該質(zhi)量標準對(dui)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)行質(zhi)檢(jian)和驗(yan)收，從而(er)(er)保(bao)證工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)質(zhi)量。第二，建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)要在(zai)(zai)經過多方(fang)調研探討后才(cai)能著手(shou)于工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)設(she)計(ji)(ji)，設(she)計(ji)(ji)要嚴格。第三，施(shi)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)(jian)材是工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)安全隱患的(de)(de)(de)源頭(tou)，因此(ci)建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)應(ying)該按照(zhao)設(she)計(ji)(ji)所(suo)規(gui)(gui)定的(de)(de)(de)要求(qiu)和國家相應(ying)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)(gui)范購買建(jian)(jian)材，并(bing)嚴格執行進(jin)場檢(jian)驗(yan)制(zhi)度。第四，建(jian)(jian)設(she)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)在(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，要對(dui)關(guan)鍵部(bu)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)進(jin)行質(zhi)量檢(jian)測，由于這些部(bu)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)隱蔽(bi)性而(er)(er)導致容易有忽略引(yin)發質(zhi)量問題，所(suo)以(yi)(yi)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)關(guan)鍵部(bu)位(wei)必(bi)須作為管理(li)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)(de)(de)重點得到(dao)單(dan)(dan)位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)重視。

3.2 進度(du)管理(li)要素

在工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作中(zhong)，進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)管(guan)理(li)也是(shi)一個相當重要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)因(yin)素。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項目開工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)前，建(jian)設單(dan)位要(yao)(yao)(yao)組(zu)織好設計(ji)(ji)(ji)單(dan)位、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單(dan)位等(deng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)有關(guan)人(ren)(ren)員按照施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)項目、有關(guan)制(zhi)度(du)等(deng)編(bian)制(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)季(ji)度(du)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)表，也就是(shi)實(shi)現(xian)要(yao)(yao)(yao)制(zhi)定出科學(xue)可行(xing)的(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)安排。在制(zhi)訂(ding)進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)時，必須(xu)嚴格按照項目管(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度(du)來執行(xing)，確(que)保工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)能夠(gou)如期完成(cheng)的(de)同(tong)時還必須(xu)具(ju)(ju)備(bei)前瞻性和(he)預見性，使得進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)于實(shi)際(ji)的(de)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)盡可能的(de)協(xie)調(diao)。為了能夠(gou)制(zhi)訂(ding)高質有效的(de)進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)表，可以要(yao)(yao)(yao)求工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)專業技術人(ren)(ren)員參與制(zhi)訂(ding)，專業工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)人(ren)(ren)員能夠(gou)更好地(di)把握工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)個環節的(de)所需要(yao)(yao)(yao)的(de)時間和(he)實(shi)際(ji)的(de)操作，參考專業人(ren)(ren)員的(de)意見能使進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)更具(ju)(ju)可行(xing)性。同(tong)時進(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)應該要(yao)(yao)(yao)細(xi)化(hua)為“周計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)、月計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)、季(ji)度(du)計(ji)(ji)(ji)劃(hua)”等(deng)這樣(yang)的(de)小部分，從宏觀和(he)圍觀兩方面(mian)來進(jin)(jin)(jin)行(xing)調(diao)控，保證工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)各素材(cai)的(de)最(zui)優配置和(he)最(zui)大效益。

3.3 安全管理要(yao)素

安(an)全(quan)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)對人(ren)(ren)(ren)民生命(ming)財(cai)產的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)具(ju)有(you)最直接(jie)的(de)(de)(de)危害(hai)性(xing)，同時(shi)也(ye)直接(jie)影響著企業的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)效益(yi)和(he)信譽的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)，因此必(bi)(bi)(bi)須作為關鍵要(yao)素納(na)入(ru)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作中。安(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)作落(luo)實(shi)(shi)到位(wei)了(le)，不(bu)僅可以避(bi)免(mian)工(gong)(gong)作人(ren)(ren)(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)生命(ming)安(an)全(quan)收(shou)到威脅，也(ye)可以減少企業在安(an)全(quan)事故中的(de)(de)(de)賠償現象，從而有(you)效地保證了(le)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)效益(yi)和(he)企業的(de)(de)(de)良好名譽。具(ju)體管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)時(shi)，必(bi)(bi)(bi)須組織(zhi)專門的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)(ren)(ren)員簡(jian)歷安(an)全(quan)可靠的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)制(zhi)度，建(jian)設(she)單(dan)位(wei)也(ye)必(bi)(bi)(bi)須將對工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)安(an)全(quan)的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)監(jian)督(du)工(gong)(gong)作落(luo)實(shi)(shi)到位(wei)。通常情況下，建(jian)設(she)單(dan)位(wei)要(yao)喝(he)項目部簽訂安(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)責任(ren)書，項目經(jing)理(li)(li)是(shi)安(an)全(quan)生產的(de)(de)(de)第一(yi)責任(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)，如(ru)果發(fa)生安(an)全(quan)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)事故，就必(bi)(bi)(bi)須要(yao)把(ba)責任(ren)落(luo)實(shi)(shi)到人(ren)(ren)(ren)，各級(ji)責任(ren)人(ren)(ren)(ren)和(he)班組都要(yao)承擔一(yi)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)經(jing)濟(ji)責任(ren)。要(yao)盡(jin)可能避(bi)免(mian)施工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)安(an)全(quan)事故，因為一(yi)旦發(fa)生，其損失是(shi)無法彌(mi)補的(de)(de)(de)。

3.4 造價管理要素(su)

建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)管理(li)(li)(li)包(bao)括建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)成本(ben)預算、成本(ben)投(tou)(tou)入(ru)、以(yi)外投(tou)(tou)入(ru)、非生(sheng)產(chan)性投(tou)(tou)入(ru)等(deng)內容。具體(ti)涉及到(dao)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)設(she)計階段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)控制，涉及方(fang)(fang)案的(de)(de)(de)合理(li)(li)(li)以(yi)及涉及方(fang)(fang)案中(zhong)(zhong)對技術(shu)和(he)應用(yong)材(cai)料、應用(yong)設(she)備的(de)(de)(de)要求，都(dou)會直接影響工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)。加強(qiang)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)管理(li)(li)(li)可(ke)以(yi)減少(shao)不必要的(de)(de)(de)開紙，對資金投(tou)(tou)入(ru)進行科學合理(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)規劃，從而(er)提高建(jian)(jian)筑企業的(de)(de)(de)最終經濟效益(yi)。在(zai)建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管理(li)(li)(li)中(zhong)(zhong)，造(zao)(zao)價(jia)管理(li)(li)(li)可(ke)以(yi)說是(shi)直接關乎(hu)經濟利(li)益(yi)的(de)(de)(de)一個要素，所謂工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)管理(li)(li)(li)是(shi)指(zhi)在(zai)造(zao)(zao)價(jia)估算過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，對于建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)所消耗的(de)(de)(de)人(ren)力、物力和(he)財(cai)力進行科學管理(li)(li)(li)，通(tong)過造(zao)(zao)價(jia)管理(li)(li)(li)建(jian)(jian)設(she)單位可(ke)以(yi)及時掌握和(he)分(fen)析(xi)盈虧的(de)(de)(de)狀況，并(bing)根據具體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)來采取相應的(de)(de)(de)措(cuo)施，保(bao)證造(zao)(zao)價(jia)最優化。

4、結語

除了上述提到的(de)質量、進度、安(an)全、造價(jia)四個關(guan)鍵要素之外，工程(cheng)管理還包括人員管理、技術管理、成本預算管理等的(de)內(nei)容(rong)，由此可見(jian)建筑工程(cheng)的(de)項目大、內(nei)容(rong)復(fu)雜，管理工作不易進行，因此更加要注重工程(cheng)管理工作的(de)開展，要堅持“抓質量、抓產量、抓安(an)全、抓效益(yi)”的(de)工作原則，唯有這(zhe)樣才能保證企業的(de)穩定(ding)長遠(yuan)的(de)發(fa)展。

參考文獻：

[1]《論建(jian)筑(zhu)工程管理的關鍵(jian)要(yao)素》，卓(zhuo)文華，《建(jian)材與裝飾》2012年17期.

篇6

1 建筑工程造價管理的內容及意義

建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)管(guan)理不僅與建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的具(ju)體內容(rong)相(xiang)關，它(ta)還與開發地區(qu)的政府政策，技術(shu)水平和經濟發展(zhan)程(cheng)度(du)密切相(xiang)關。只有(you)對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)圖紙了如指掌，施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員(yuan)才能(neng)將(jiang)完美的將(jiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)完成。工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)的內容(rong)還有(you)很多，例如：投資報價(jia)估(gu)算、工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)預(yu)控、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)計劃預(yu)算、相(xiang)關合同事宜以及工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實際造(zao)價(jia)的結(jie)算等。

投標報價(jia)控制(zhi)階段：

在參與投(tou)標(biao)(biao)過程中一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)詳細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)了解招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)內容，通過閱讀招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)文件可以(yi)得到一(yi)些(xie)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)信息，尤其(qi)是(shi)其(qi)中對(dui)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)范圍的(de)(de)(de)規定(ding)。在某(mou)些(xie)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)單位(wei)沒有清楚(chu)詳細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)描述(shu)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)細(xi)節(jie)或寫得不(bu)明確(que)的(de)(de)(de)情況下(xia)一(yi)定(ding)要(yao)清楚(chu)在答疑(yi)的(de)(de)(de)時候提出來。要(yao)把方案盡量寫得詳細(xi)，施(shi)工單位(wei)在設計上頗費周章，一(yi)次施(shi)工單位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)設計也要(yao)作為(wei)報價的(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)依據。在參與投(tou)標(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)(de)過程中，有一(yi)些(xie)事項需要(yao)注意，如(ru)以(yi)下(xia)幾點：

1.1 答疑過程

在(zai)投標前的(de)(de)答疑(yi)會上要(yao)充分的(de)(de)準備(bei)，精(jing)讀(du)招標的(de)(de)相關文(wen)件，及一(yi)切可能(neng)有用處(chu)的(de)(de)資料(liao)。從(cong)中整理出有價值的(de)(de)問題征詢招標方。但在(zai)向招標方咨詢的(de)(de)過程中盡量(liang)提出一(yi)些有必要(yao)的(de)(de)，概念(nian)模糊容易混(hun)淆的(de)(de)問題，否則不要(yao)輕易提問。

1.2 編標過程

編標(biao)(biao)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)該(gai)由專門的(de)(de)編標(biao)(biao)小組來(lai)完(wan)成(cheng)，小組成(cheng)員(yuan)應(ying)分工(gong)明確。編標(biao)(biao)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)應(ying)該(gai)嚴(yan)格按照招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)文件的(de)(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)來(lai)編寫，確保(bao)與招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)問價的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)致(zhi)性。在(zai)計算工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)時，以按圖(tu)紙計算的(de)(de)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)量(liang)為標(biao)(biao)準(zhun)，確保(bao)工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)報價的(de)(de)準(zhun)確性。如遇(yu)到圖(tu)紙沒有表(biao)達出清晰的(de)(de)意圖(tu)，應(ying)結合自己的(de)(de)經驗(yan)請教有豐富施工(gong)經驗(yan)的(de)(de)現場(chang)施工(gong)人員(yuan)，應(ying)避(bi)免不實(shi)評估(gu)，本著實(shi)事(shi)求(qiu)(qiu)是的(de)(de)態度進行施工(gong)。同時要(yao)保(bao)證報價和依(yi)(yi)據(ju)的(de)(de)準(zhun)確性和合理性。一(yi)(yi)般情(qing)況(kuang)下編標(biao)(biao)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)嚴(yan)格依(yi)(yi)據(ju)招(zhao)標(biao)(biao)文件，不得擅自改動。

1.3 定標過程

標(biao)(biao)價是由建筑企業(ye)根據工程量清單(dan)、圖紙等招標(biao)(biao)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)，經過編(bian)標(biao)(biao)小組(zu)進行預算得(de)出的結果。就(jiu)目(mu)前來(lai)說固定價是包(bao)(bao)括了建筑企業(ye)對外發包(bao)(bao)的所有內(nei)容，所以在定標(biao)(biao)過程中一定要要求施工人員對工程圖紙精通的掌握。定標(biao)(biao)的過程也應嚴格遵照(zhao)投標(biao)(biao)文(wen)(wen)件(jian)(jian)進行編(bian)著(zhu)，不允許有漏(lou)項、漏(lou)算的問題(ti)存在。

2 對合同的管理

建(jian)設工(gong)(gong)程合同是(shi)發包(bao)人與(yu)承包(bao)人就完成(cheng)特定工(gong)(gong)程項目的(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作內容，確(que)定雙方(fang)權利和義務的(de)(de)協議，是(shi)工(gong)(gong)程建(jian)設質(zhi)量控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、進(jin)度控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、投(tou)資(zi)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)(de)主要依(yi)據。施工(gong)(gong)合同中應做到：控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)程范圍、縮短建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)期(qi)、明確(que)具體(ti)的(de)(de)開(kai)工(gong)(gong)與(yu)交(jiao)工(gong)(gong)時間(jian)、對工(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量及工(gong)(gong)程造價的(de)(de)要求、工(gong)(gong)程中技術(shu)資(zi)料的(de)(de)準確(que)交(jiao)付時間(jian)、工(gong)(gong)程中所(suo)需材料和設備的(de)(de)供應、工(gong)(gong)程撥(bo)款事宜、竣工(gong)(gong)驗收(shou)方(fang)式、產(chan)品的(de)(de)保修范圍及保修期(qi)以(yi)及其他雙方(fang)所(suo)商(shang)議的(de)(de)合作條款。

建設工程(cheng)(cheng)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)根據(ju)計價(jia)(jia)方(fang)式的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，可分(fen)為總價(jia)(jia)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)、單價(jia)(jia)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)和(he)成本(ben)加酬金(jin)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)等。各(ge)種不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)類型(xing)的(de)(de)(de)合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)有著各(ge)自的(de)(de)(de)應(ying)用條件，合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)各(ge)方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)權利和(he)責任劃分(fen)是不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)，合(he)(he)同(tong)(tong)各(ge)方(fang)承擔(dan)的(de)(de)(de)風險也不(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)，在實踐中應(ying)根據(ju)工程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)規(gui)模和(he)工期長(chang)短(duan)、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)競爭情況、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)復雜程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)單項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)明(ming)確(que)程(cheng)(cheng)度(du)、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)準備時間的(de)(de)(de)長(chang)短(duan)、項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)(de)外部環(huan)境因素等具體情況進行選擇。

在(zai)雙方(fang)簽訂合(he)同(tong)時應(ying)該(gai)盡可能全面的(de)(de)(de)考慮(lv)到(dao)有可能發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)切(qie)沖突(tu)以及(ji)某方(fang)失誤而對對方(fang)造成效益受損時要(yao)(yao)求的(de)(de)(de)賠(pei)(pei)償問題，要(yao)(yao)對合(he)同(tong)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)每一(yi)(yi)項條款(kuan)做到(dao)清楚(chu)的(de)(de)(de)了解(jie)(jie)，在(zai)日后的(de)(de)(de)結算過(guo)程中(zhong)避免(mian)出現因對合(he)同(tong)不(bu)理(li)解(jie)(jie)而產(chan)生(sheng)糾紛(fen)或意料之外的(de)(de)(de)賠(pei)(pei)償。雙方(fang)執行的(de)(de)(de)收費標(biao)準一(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)明(ming)確的(de)(de)(de)寫在(zai)合(he)同(tong)條款(kuan)中(zhong)作為收費依據。為了避免(mian)雙方(fang)的(de)(de)(de)誤解(jie)(jie)，在(zai)合(he)同(tong)中(zhong)一(yi)(yi)定(ding)要(yao)(yao)表達清晰。

3 施工階段的造價(jia)管理

施(shi)工(gong)(gong)企業(ye)最(zui)終追求的(de)(de)(de)(de)目標就是(shi)壓縮項目工(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)成本，以(yi)提高經濟效(xiao)益得(de)到最(zui)大化的(de)(de)(de)(de)體(ti)現，這種生存方式是(shi)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)立(li)足(zu)之本。運用多種手(shou)段(duan)對成本限(xian)(xian)額進行預定(ding)，一切開支規定(ding)在(zai)(zai)限(xian)(xian)額之內(nei)。以(yi)限(xian)(xian)額同(tong)實(shi)(shi)際進行比較，確(que)定(ding)經營活動的(de)(de)(de)(de)成績與取(qu)得(de)的(de)(de)(de)(de)效(xiao)果。在(zai)(zai)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)中(zhong)，各種手(shou)段(duan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)造(zao)價管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)最(zui)終目的(de)(de)(de)(de)是(shi)實(shi)(shi)現成本的(de)(de)(de)(de)降低(di)。建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)，加大造(zao)價管理(li)力度可以(yi)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)確(que)保施(shi)工(gong)(gong)單位有良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟效(xiao)益。施(shi)工(gong)(gong)階段(duan)中(zhong)，我們通常用以(yi)下幾(ji)種方式進行造(zao)價管理(li)：

（1）是施工的(de)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)人員的(de)經濟(ji)意(yi)識提高，在施工過(guo)程中不僅要(yao)(yao)注重(zhong)技(ji)術(shu)(shu)方面的(de)管理，還(huan)要(yao)(yao)兼顧經濟(ji)。只有技(ji)術(shu)(shu)經濟(ji)雙頭(tou)并進才能減少不必要(yao)(yao)的(de)經濟(ji)支(zhi)出，提高經濟(ji)效益。因此，一定(ding)要(yao)(yao)樹立技(ji)術(shu)(shu)人員的(de)雙向發展思想。

（2）加強對施(shi)工過程(cheng)的(de)控制

在工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)之(zhi)間參(can)加(jia)現場管理的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人員必須(xu)做到對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)現場的情況(kuang)進(jin)行全面(mian)了(le)解(jie)，要詳(xiang)盡的了(le)解(jie)技術、經濟和(he)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)，并對這(zhe)幾(ji)方(fang)面(mian)進(jin)行控制：

a.制(zhi)(zhi)定與進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)相協調的(de)(de)造(zao)價(jia)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，加強對工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)管理；施工(gong)(gong)(gong)階段資(zi)(zi)金使(shi)(shi)用計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)在整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)管理中(zhong)(zhong)處于重要(yao)(yao)而獨特的(de)(de)地位，它對工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)的(de)(de)重要(yao)(yao)影(ying)響(xiang)表現在以下幾個方面(mian)：A. 通過(guo)編制(zhi)(zhi)資(zi)(zi)金使(shi)(shi)用計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)，合(he)理確定工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)階段目(mu)(mu)標值，使(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)有(you)(you)所依據，并為資(zi)(zi)金的(de)(de)籌集與協調打(da)下基礎。B.通過(guo)資(zi)(zi)金使(shi)(shi)用計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)的(de)(de)科學編制(zhi)(zhi)，可(ke)以對未來工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)金使(shi)(shi)用和進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)有(you)(you)所預測，消除不必要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)資(zi)(zi)金浪(lang)費和進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)失(shi)控(kong)(kong)，也能夠(gou)避(bi)免在今后工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項目(mu)(mu)中(zhong)(zhong)由(you)于缺乏依據而進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行輕率判斷所造(zao)成(cheng)的(de)(de)損失(shi)，減少了盲目(mu)(mu)性(xing)，使(shi)(shi)現有(you)(you)資(zi)(zi)金充(chong)分發揮作用。C.在建設(she)項目(mu)(mu)地進(jin)(jin)(jin)(jin)行過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)，通過(guo)資(zi)(zi)金使(shi)(shi)用計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)的(de)(de)嚴格執行，可(ke)以有(you)(you)效地控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)上升，最大限度(du)(du)地節約投(tou)資(zi)(zi)，提高投(tou)資(zi)(zi)效益。

對脫離實(shi)際的(de)工程造價目(mu)標值和資金使用計劃(hua)，應在科學評估(gu)的(de)前提下，分析偏(pian)差(cha)形成原因，注意(yi)采用動(dong)態控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、系統(tong)控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、信息(xi)反饋控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)、彈性控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)原理，采用組織措(cuo)施(shi)、經濟措(cuo)施(shi)、技術措(cuo)施(shi)、合同措(cuo)施(shi)等措(cuo)施(shi)進(jin)行控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)，進(jin)而實(shi)現工程造價有效控(kong)(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)的(de)目(mu)標。

b.對質量(liang)進行有效的(de)管理，通過實行施工(gong)現場責任制，將任務(wu)細化，是整個(ge)工(gong)程的(de)檢(jian)查監督得到(dao)完善，也為工(gong)程排除(chu)隱患。

c.做好(hao)現(xian)場施工記錄及現(xian)場簽(qian)證控(kong)制(zhi)；及時收(shou)集索(suo)賠依據(ju)資(zi)料，根據(ju)必須以(yi)合同為依據(ju)、及時、合理(li)(li)地處(chu)理(li)(li)索(suo)賠、加(jia)強主動控(kong)制(zhi)，減少工程索(suo)賠的原(yuan)則進行索(suo)賠。

d.對施(shi)工材料做到(dao)充分(fen)利用及管理。

4 工程造(zao)價管理中的(de)問題及對策

（1）完善建筑工程造價管理(li)

在計劃(hua)經濟體(ti)制下工程造價改革(ge)發揮了其積極作(zuo)用，但是它卻難以融合于(yu)市場經濟。繼(ji)續深(shen)化建筑工程造價管理的(de)改革(ge)，去除其不適應市場經濟形(xing)勢發展的(de)弊(bi)端(duan)。使其在現有的(de)優勢上更適應日后發展，建筑工程造價管理體(ti)制更加完(wan)善。

（2）建立規(gui)范的(de)管理(li)制度，除政府投(tou)(tou)資(zi)的(de)項目外，其(qi)余與工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)相關的(de)業務(wu)則可以向市(shi)場咨詢，同時工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)的(de)管理(li)機(ji)制也(ye)將(jiang)得(de)到激活(huo)。在有(you)形市(shi)場成立以后(hou)，該(gai)市(shi)場中要通過工(gong)程(cheng)結算審核由政府主(zhu)導的(de)監管機(ji)制將(jiang)進一步擴大，從而促進新(xin)的(de)監管機(ji)制的(de)形成，更利于國(guo)家對(dui)工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)的(de)宏觀調控。是(shi)工(gong)程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)真正的(de)公平(ping)公正，為有(you)形市(shi)場之內(nei)的(de)企業營造(zao)公平(ping)的(de)競(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)環境，同時也(ye)能遏制國(guo)外投(tou)(tou)資(zi)企業的(de)不(bu)公平(ping)競(jing)爭(zheng)(zheng)手(shou)段。

（3）有(you)完善(shan)的法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)制法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)是(shi)保障(zhang)宏觀調控的要素(su)，在建筑工(gong)程(cheng)活動中(zhong)要做(zuo)到有(you)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)可依，以《建筑法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)》為核心，營造一(yi)個完善(shan)的法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)律體(ti)(ti)系。穩定的市場經濟體(ti)(ti)系離不開國家的宏觀調控，建設中(zhong)的工(gong)程(cheng)造價一(yi)定要做(zuo)到有(you)法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)可依，使(shi)經濟活動在法(fa)(fa)(fa)(fa)規(gui)制度下(xia)正(zheng)常運行。

篇7

中圖分類號：TU198 文獻標(biao)識碼： A

前言

隨著建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的廣(guang)泛開展，對(dui)(dui)于(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的管(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)愈(yu)加重視。在建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中，合理(li)的控制施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進度對(dui)(dui)于(yu)整(zheng)個工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目有重要的影(ying)響。如(ru)果盲目的追求施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進度，就會對(dui)(dui)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的質量造成(cheng)影(ying)響，而工(gong)(gong)(gong)期受到(dao)拖延，就會增加施工(gong)(gong)(gong)成(cheng)本，進而影(ying)響到(dao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的經濟利益。所(suo)以說合理(li)的控制施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進度，是(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)理(li)的核心工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)之一(yi)。

一、建筑工程項目進度控(kong)制原理(li)

系統控制原理

將項目進(jin)度(du)(du)控制(zhi)(zhi)作(zuo)為一個系(xi)統工程(cheng)，首(shou)先要形成(cheng)有效的進(jin)度(du)(du)管(guan)控流程(cheng)，編制(zhi)(zhi)出項目進(jin)度(du)(du)控制(zhi)(zhi)規劃系(xi)統，具體(ti)有項目總進(jin)度(du)(du)、年(nian)度(du)(du)、季（月）、周進(jin)度(du)(du)控制(zhi)(zhi)等內容。

（二）彈性控制原理

由于現代民用(yong)建筑(zhu)項(xiang)目通常具有施(shi)工周期長、影響因(yin)素多、變數大的特點(dian)，不可能(neng)完全準確的安排進度計劃(hua)，使實際施(shi)工毫無偏差(cha)的按照計劃(hua)來(lai)進行，因(yin)此，有必要進行彈性控制。

分工協作控制原理

劃分進度控(kong)制職責，形成橫(heng)向和縱向兩個控(kong)制系(xi)統，項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)進度橫(heng)向控(kong)制系(xi)統由(you)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)經理(li)、工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師、技術人員構成，而項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)進度縱向控(kong)制系(xi)統則(ze)由(you)監(jian)理(li)班子(zi)組成，包括項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)(mu)監(jian)理(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師、專業監(jian)理(li)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)師和監(jian)理(li)員等。

二(er)、在施工項目中對于制約工程進(jin)度的因素分析(xi)

由(you)于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)項(xiang)目的施工(gong)(gong)(gong)特(te)點，尤其是較大和復雜的施工(gong)(gong)(gong)項(xiang)目，具有規模龐大、工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝復雜、建設周(zhou)期長(chang)、協作單(dan)位多等特(te)點，因(yin)(yin)(yin)此(ci)影響(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)(jin)度(du)的因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)很(hen)多，對于(yu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進(jin)(jin)度(du)的影響(xiang)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)，可歸納為人為因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)、材料(liao)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)、技術因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)、資金(jin)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)、工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)水文地質因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)、氣象因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)、環境(jing)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)、社(she)會環境(jing)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)以及其它難(nan)以預料(liao)的因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)，編制施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)度(du)計劃(hua)、執(zhi)行和控制施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)度(du)計劃(hua)時，必須充分(fen)考慮這些(xie)因(yin)(yin)(yin)素(su)，才能克服其影響(xiang)，使施工(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)(jin)度(du)盡可能按計劃(hua)進(jin)(jin)行。

（一(yi)）工(gong)程中人員影(ying)響因素

1、項目(mu)參加人員的(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)失誤，如總包施工(gong)(gong)單(dan)位對分包單(dan)位的(de)選擇(ze)失誤，設計人員工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)拖拉，建(jian)設業主不能及時決策；

2、對(dui)項(xiang)目的特點與項(xiang)目實現的條(tiao)件認識不(bu)(bu)清(qing)，如(ru)過低(di)的估計了項(xiang)目的技術困難(nan)，沒有考慮到設(she)計與施工中遇到的問題，需要(yao)開展科研與試驗(yan)，這(zhe)既需要(yao)資(zi)(zi)金也需要(yao)時間；對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)工程(cheng)建(jian)設(she)的工作不(bu)(bu)協(xie)調；對(dui)于(yu)(yu)(yu)施工物資(zi)(zi)的供應安(an)排(pai)不(bu)(bu)清(qing)楚(chu)；對(dui)建(jian)設(she)條(tiao)件事先(xian)沒有搞清(qing)楚(chu)，對(dui)項(xiang)目的交通、供水、供電(dian)問題不(bu)(bu)清(qing)楚(chu)。影響工程(cheng)進度的人為因(yin)素(su)來源(yuan)于(yu)(yu)(yu)開發商(shang)、承(cheng)包商(shang)（分(fen)包商(shang)）、設(she)計單位圖紙設(she)計、監理單位、業主、材料設(she)備供應商(shang)、政府主管部(bu)門等(deng)因(yin)素(su)。

（二(er)）資金方面的影(ying)響因(yin)素

資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)是保障工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)順利(li)進行的(de)前(qian)提，拖欠(qian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)款不僅影響(xiang)到承包單位資(zi)(zi)(zi)金(jin)的(de)周轉，損失其(qi)他投資(zi)(zi)(zi)機會，嚴重的(de)還(huan)會影響(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進度(du)。

（三）承(cheng)包單位自(zi)身管理上的(de)限制因素

工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)現場協作單(dan)位(wei)多，隨(sui)時面對各(ge)種復(fu)雜情況，若承(cheng)包單(dan)位(wei)采取的施(shi)工(gong)方案不(bu)(bu)(bu)當，工(gong)程進度(du)計劃不(bu)(bu)(bu)周全(quan)，工(gong)程進度(du)管理不(bu)(bu)(bu)善(shan)，相關施(shi)工(gong)建(jian)設制度(du)不(bu)(bu)(bu)全(quan)，不(bu)(bu)(bu)及時解決問題(ti)等(deng)，都會(hui)影響(xiang)工(gong)程項目的施(shi)工(gong)進度(du)，承(cheng)包單(dan)位(wei)應通(tong)過總結分析(xi)吸取教訓，及時改進，組(zu)織(zhi)精(jing)干項目領導及施(shi)工(gong)隊進行工(gong)程建(jian)設。

（四）其他影響因素

工(gong)程(cheng)勘察設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)方(fang)面的因素同樣會(hui)對工(gong)程(cheng)的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)進度(du)造成影(ying)響(xiang)，勘察資料不(bu)準確，未反映實際(ji)地(di)質情況、設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)圖(tu)紙(zhi)不(bu)及時(shi)，各(ge)專(zhuan)業之(zhi)間(jian)缺乏協調配合，致使各(ge)專(zhuan)業之(zhi)間(jian)出現設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)矛盾，設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)內容不(bu)足、設(she)(she)計(ji)(ji)深度(du)不(bu)夠，原材料、配套零部(bu)件供應不(bu)能滿(man)足生(sheng)產(chan)需要，生(sheng)產(chan)設(she)(she)備維護、使用不(bu)當出現故(gu)障無(wu)法正常生(sheng)產(chan)等等，都(dou)會(hui)直接影(ying)響(xiang)工(gong)程(cheng)的施(shi)(shi)工(gong)進度(du)。

三(san)、科學的進度(du)管理措施

（一）增(zeng)強施(shi)工進度管(guan)理(li)意識

施工(gong)(gong)管理人員要控制好(hao)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)，首(shou)先要有進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)意識(shi)(shi)，合理的(de)計劃是(shi)施工(gong)(gong)得以按時完(wan)成(cheng)的(de)重要前提。除此之外，還要在實際操作(zuo)中建立(li)相(xiang)應的(de)制度(du)(du)措(cuo)施，可(ke)以把工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)分為(wei)若(ruo)干(gan)階(jie)段，所(suo)需材料以及其他物(wu)資也分為(wei)若(ruo)干(gan)批次，通(tong)過獎勵和(he)懲罰措(cuo)施保證(zheng)每個階(jie)段的(de)任務能夠(gou)按時甚至提前完(wan)成(cheng)。我(wo)國現階(jie)段的(de)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)基本(ben)上都(dou)是(shi)由項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)經(jing)理負責，大到項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)質量、施工(gong)(gong)的(de)安全，小(xiao)到工(gong)(gong)人工(gong)(gong)資的(de)發放、物(wu)資的(de)管理等都(dou)是(shi)由經(jing)理負責。可(ke)以說，工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)質量的(de)好(hao)壞(huai)和(he)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)的(de)快(kuai)慢與項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)經(jing)理有很緊密(mi)的(de)聯系，如果項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)經(jing)理本(ben)身(shen)能力不夠(gou)，專業素養不高，就很難出色(se)的(de)完(wan)成(cheng)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)。作(zuo)為(wei)負責人，經(jing)理必(bi)須要有全局意識(shi)(shi)，不能只顧趕進(jin)(jin)度(du)(du)而忽視工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管理的(de)其他方面。

（二）編(bian)制科(ke)學的施工進度計劃

編制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)份完整(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)切實可行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)既能(neng)符合合同又能(neng)指導施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)網絡(luo)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，是履(lv)約合同的(de)(de)(de)保證(zheng)，指導工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)依據是控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、管(guan)理(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期(qi)的(de)(de)(de)憑證(zheng)。施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)是用(yong)橫道圖(tu)或網絡(luo)圖(tu)，確定工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)項(xiang)目從開始施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)到全(quan)部竣工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)整(zheng)個(ge)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)中各項(xiang)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)活動在(zai)時間上(shang)(shang)和空間上(shang)(shang)的(de)(de)(de)合理(li)(li)安排(pai)和相互配合關系(xi)。在(zai)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)過程(cheng)(cheng)中，各個(ge)部門的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作人員都要嚴(yan)格(ge)按(an)照國家相關的(de)(de)(de)法律(lv)法規(gui)(gui)，結(jie)(jie)合建筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)具(ju)體(ti)形式(shi)，建立(li)良(liang)好的(de)(de)(de)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)保證(zheng)體(ti)系(xi)，提高(gao)建筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。建筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)單位要嚴(yan)格(ge)實行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)終(zhong)身負責制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)，結(jie)(jie)合現(xian)代(dai)化(hua)的(de)(de)(de)建筑(zhu)指標體(ti)系(xi)，不(bu)斷更新各種建筑(zhu)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)規(gui)(gui)章(zhang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)。項(xiang)目經理(li)(li)要以《施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)手冊(ce)》為要求，全(quan)面做好各個(ge)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)管(guan)理(li)(li)，把日常施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)操作做到細處，落(luo)到實處，認真把握，保證(zheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。同時要不(bu)斷的(de)(de)(de)完善規(gui)(gui)章(zhang)管(guan)理(li)(li)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，通(tong)過提高(gao)施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人員的(de)(de)(de)整(zheng)體(ti)素質(zhi)(zhi)來提高(gao)整(zheng)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，認真落(luo)實進度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)獎(jiang)罰條例、質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)檢查檢驗制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)、用(yong)戶(hu)滿意(yi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)回訪(fang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)等(deng)(deng)規(gui)(gui)章(zhang)制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)度(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)(du)，重在(zai)執行(xing)，保證(zheng)質(zhi)(zhi)量(liang)。同時還(huan)要編制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)一(yi)(yi)系(xi)列(lie)的(de)(de)(de)支(zhi)持(chi)性計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)，如主要材料需(xu)要量(liang)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機具(ju)需(xu)要量(liang)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)、勞(lao)動力需(xu)要量(liang)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)以及(ji)構(gou)件、半成品需(xu)要量(liang)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)等(deng)(deng)，確保按(an)計劃(hua)(hua)(hua)完成施(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)任務。

落實進度責任制

每個(ge)分項(xiang)工程(cheng)都有自己的進(jin)度計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)，從而激發施工人員(yuan)的責(ze)任心，保證實際施工工期與(yu)計(ji)(ji)劃(hua)工期吻(wen)合。此(ci)外，相關負(fu)責(ze)人員(yuan)還要(yao)加(jia)強(qiang)對各個(ge)分項(xiang)工程(cheng)的施工進(jin)度進(jin)行考核(he)，制定出系統的獎懲(cheng)制度。

四(si)、實施建筑工程(cheng)施工中進度管理的重要性

眾所周知，進度管(guan)理在我國(guo)建筑(zhu)工程(cheng)中占有(you)非常(chang)重要的位(wei)置，實施進度管(guan)理對于保證施工工期、降(jiang)低施工成本都有(you)著很大的作用。具體來說，主要有(you)以下幾個方面(mian)。

控制(zhi)投資成本施工的進度(du)和質量

投(tou)資等是彼此聯(lian)系在(zai)一起的(de)(de)。一是在(zai)項目實(shi)施過程(cheng)(cheng)中加快工程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)進(jin)度(du)就(jiu)必須加大投(tou)資，而(er)加快了(le)施工的(de)(de)進(jin)度(du)之后就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)有效縮(suo)短工期，這樣就(jiu)能(neng)(neng)減少建設資金之投(tou)入(ru)。二是加快了(le)工程(cheng)(cheng)施工進(jin)度(du)就(jiu)有可(ke)能(neng)(neng)會(hui)影響(xiang)到工程(cheng)(cheng)施工的(de)(de)質量，甚至造成不必要的(de)(de)返工，進(jin)而(er)導(dao)致工期的(de)(de)延長與(yu)投(tou)入(ru)的(de)(de)增加。

提升經濟效益

一(yi)般來說，建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)工(gong)期較長(chang)(chang)且涉及范圍廣泛、施(shi)工(gong)復雜(za)、容易受到主客觀(guan)環境的影響，做好建筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)的進度管理(li)工(gong)作，能(neng)夠保證(zheng)建筑(zhu)定時完工(gong)，減少不必要(yao)的投資，還能(neng)夠提高(gao)施(shi)工(gong)企業(ye)的形象，從而(er)促進企業(ye)的長(chang)(chang)遠發展和進步。

確保工程如期完工

工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)進(jin)度管理(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一項(xiang)(xiang)重要任務就(jiu)是要對工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期加以(yi)(yi)計算，由(you)管理(li)者(zhe)對本建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規模、資金等加以(yi)(yi)科(ke)學而(er)詳細的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)分析，從而(er)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最理(li)想工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期，并通過實施(shi)進(jin)度控制以(yi)(yi)確保工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程能夠如期完工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。二(er)、確定(ding)(ding)(ding)建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)分段進(jin)度計劃的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)法一是要明確建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建設(she)目(mu)標(biao)，實際上(shang)也(ye)就(jiu)是要確定(ding)(ding)(ding)所(suo)實施(shi)項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)應(ying)當實現的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)預(yu)期結果，這也(ye)是判斷工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)(xiang)目(mu)是否能夠成(cheng)功(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一大(da)標(biao)準。二(er)是要明確施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順序。應(ying)當盡量(liang)實現均衡施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，盡可能地(di)提前建設(she)可以(yi)(yi)讓(rang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)應(ying)用的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)永(yong)久(jiu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程，注重季(ji)節(jie)對于工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)順序所(suo)產生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)影響，讓(rang)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)季(ji)節(jie)不至于造成(cheng)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)拖延，并且保證各主(zhu)要工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)種(zhong)及施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)機械能夠正常(chang)地(di)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)。三是要確定(ding)(ding)(ding)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)進(jin)度安排(pai)。通過確定(ding)(ding)(ding)各建設(she)單位的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)相(xiang)應(ying)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期限，讓(rang)其能夠據此合(he)理(li)地(di)確定(ding)(ding)(ding)具體工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)期日程。

結語

綜上所述，為了避免停(ting)工、延期的(de)(de)(de)(de)不良事件出(chu)現，就必(bi)須對施工進度的(de)(de)(de)(de)影(ying)響因(yin)素(su)詳細(xi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)分析，然后有針對性的(de)(de)(de)(de)制定出(chu)解決的(de)(de)(de)(de)措施，為建筑工程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)質量打下堅(jian)實的(de)(de)(de)(de)基礎，對于施工全過程(cheng)實現工程(cheng)監管，協調施工資源內部關(guan)系，為企(qi)業贏得(de)競爭實力。

篇8

中圖分類號：TU714文獻標識碼：B文章編號：1009-9166（2011）017(C)-0273-01

由于(yu)(yu)(yu)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)程(cheng)生產活動危險性(xing)大、不安(an)全(quan)因(yin)(yin)素多，使建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)僅次于(yu)(yu)(yu)采礦(kuang)業(ye)(ye)的重大事故頻(pin)發的高風險行(xing)業(ye)(ye)，據統計(ji)，建(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)(ye)的生產事故頻(pin)率、災害(hai)率要高于(yu)(yu)(yu)全(quan)國(guo)各行(xing)業(ye)(ye)的平(ping)均水平(ping)，所以國(guo)家先后頒布了《中華人(ren)民共和國(guo)勞動法》《關于(yu)(yu)(yu)加強(qiang)勞動保護工(gong)作的決定》等一(yi)些類關于(yu)(yu)(yu)安(an)全(quan)管理的法規，因(yin)(yin)此，建(jian)立切實可(ke)行(xing)的現代建(jian)筑(zhu)施工(gong)安(an)全(quan)管理制度勢在必行(xing)。

一、建筑工程的安(an)全(quan)管理(li)

工(gong)業化程度較低，操作人(ren)員大(da)都是農(nong)民工(gong)，人(ren)員流動性大(da)，高層作業和(he)參建單位多(duo)，人(ren)員素質參差不(bu)齊，材料(liao)多(duo)，耗電量大(da)，施工(gong)中(zhong)應(ying)用大(da)型(xing)設備多(duo)，現場預留井(jing)口(kou)和(he)空洞多(duo)。因此(ci)安全(quan)管理勢在必行，我(wo)們應(ying)用現代(dai)科學知識與工(gong)程技(ji)術去研究、分析在生(sheng)產(chan)系統(tong)和(he)作業中(zhong)各個環(huan)節(jie)固有的(de)、潛在的(de)不(bu)安全(quan)因素，進(jin)(jin)行定(ding)性與定(ding)量的(de)安全(quan)性及可靠性評價，進(jin)(jin)而采取有效(xiao)的(de)對策進(jin)(jin)行控制，以消除隱患(huan)，有效(xiao)地對系統(tong)進(jin)(jin)行安全(quan)預測、預報和(he)預防(fang)，以獲(huo)得(de)最佳安全(quan)生(sheng)產(chan)效(xiao)果

二(er)、建筑工程安全管(guan)理存在的(de)問題

1、建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程的(de)安全(quan)(quan)生產的(de)法律法規有待完善。2、安全(quan)(quan)監管(guan)的(de)認識不足(zu)，監管(guan)力度不夠。3、安全(quan)(quan)生產責任制為落(luo)(luo)實到位。4、安全(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)作的(de)資金不到位。5、建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程施工(gong)(gong)人員整體素質低。6、建(jian)筑項目安全(quan)(quan)技術落(luo)(luo)后。7、參(can)見(jian)單位的(de)安全(quan)(quan)管(guan)理(li)責任不明(ming)確。

三、建筑工程安(an)全(quan)管理的對策

1、提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)意識(shi)，端(duan)正安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)態度。安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)不(bu)(bu)僅關系(xi)(xi)到(dao)國(guo)家(jia)(jia)人民財(cai)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)命安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)，而(er)且關系(xi)(xi)到(dao)企業(ye)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)存問題，要(yao)讓廣大(da)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)人員充分認(ren)識(shi)到(dao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性(xing)(xing)，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)他們的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)意識(shi)，堅持“安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)第一(yi)，預防為(wei)主”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)方針，丟(diu)掉“安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)增(zeng)加(jia)成(cheng)本”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)錯誤思(si)想，樹立(li)(li)(li)“安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)就(jiu)是(shi)效益”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)經濟觀。克服馬馬虎虎，走過場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監督方式(shi)，工(gong)(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目班(ban)子要(yao)營造良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)環境。2、健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)法律(lv)法規(gui)。近年來在(zai)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程上(shang)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)事故(gu)種類很多，有(you)(you)些安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)事故(gu)前(qian)所未有(you)(you)，現(xian)有(you)(you)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法律(lv)法規(gui)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)起來很困難，我們就(jiu)要(yao)及時探究(jiu)妥善(shan)處理(li)(li)(li)(li)這些事故(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)新(xin)思(si)路和新(xin)方法，完善(shan)舊的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)法律(lv)法規(gui)，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)業(ye)和國(guo)家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展(zhan)。3、制(zhi)定(ding)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)目標(biao)，建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)。為(wei)落(luo)實好工(gong)(gong)(gong)程項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)方位(wei)控制(zhi)，提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)方位(wei)控制(zhi)，提(ti)(ti)出(chu)(chu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)“六無(wu)”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)高(gao)(gao)標(biao)準管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)目標(biao)，同時項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目要(yao)以項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目總經理(li)(li)(li)(li)為(wei)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)第一(yi)責任人，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)負(fu)責此(ci)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)，按規(gui)定(ding)建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)健(jian)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)制(zhi)度、生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)緊急預案(an)，設(she)立(li)(li)(li)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)機(ji)構并確(que)定(ding)責任人，配齊專職安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)員。開(kai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)前(qian)，全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)部(bu)署安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)措(cuo)施，明確(que)設(she)計單位(wei)、監理(li)(li)(li)(li)單位(wei)、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)單位(wei)等(deng)相(xiang)關單位(wei)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)責任，建(jian)(jian)立(li)(li)(li)“橫向到(dao)邊，縱(zong)向到(dao)底”的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)體(ti)系(xi)(xi)。4、加(jia)強(qiang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)教(jiao)育(yu)，開(kai)展(zhan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)活動。事故(gu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)，根本在(zai)于人的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)活動，因此(ci)企業(ye)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)關鍵是(shi)加(jia)強(qiang)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)育(yu)和培訓，提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)大(da)家(jia)(jia)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)防范(fan)意識(shi)和能力(li)。（1）安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)教(jiao)育(yu)要(yao)通俗化、普及化和全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)面(mian)(mian)化。（2）舉行一(yi)些安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)活動，促(cu)進(jin)(jin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人提(ti)(ti)高(gao)(gao)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)防范(fan)意識(shi)和能力(li)。國(guo)家(jia)(jia)、省或(huo)(huo)市的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)部(bu)門可(ke)以組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)開(kai)展(zhan)“安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)建(jian)(jian)設(she)月”“安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識(shi)問答”等(deng)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)檢(jian)查(cha)考核活動，項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目班(ban)子也可(ke)以組(zu)(zu)織(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人定(ding)期觀看安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)知(zhi)識(shi)宣傳片，進(jin)(jin)行廣泛的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)教(jiao)育(yu)。5、控制(zhi)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)資金投(tou)入。企業(ye)應認(ren)清安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)重要(yao)性(xing)(xing)，為(wei)了安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)順利進(jin)(jin)行，就(jiu)必(bi)須投(tou)入資金，并做到(dao)專款專用。6、采(cai)取(qu)激勵機(ji)制(zhi)。為(wei)了調動大(da)家(jia)(jia)對安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)積極性(xing)(xing)，有(you)(you)關部(bu)門可(ke)以對這方面(mian)(mian)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)上(shang)做得好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)和個(ge)人給予書面(mian)(mian)或(huo)(huo)者物(wu)質上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表揚，對那些在(zai)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)上(shang)違章，違法的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)企業(ye)和個(ge)人給予批評(ping)或(huo)(huo)處罰(fa)，從而(er)起到(dao)規(gui)范(fan)安(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)(quan)管(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。

四、建筑施(shi)工(gong)安全事故管(guan)理

建筑(zhu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)中(zhong)應通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)各種安(an)全(quan)(quan)技術(shu)(shu)措(cuo)施來控(kong)制事(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)率(lv)(lv)，當找出或預測出發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)事(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)的(de)(de)原因(yin)后，要(yao)(yao)根據(ju)對(dui)象(xiang)和(he)條件的(de)(de)具體情(qing)況采取針(zhen)對(dui)性的(de)(de)局(ju)部(bu)控(kong)制方(fang)法(fa)。事(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)管(guan)理方(fang)法(fa)大致有：消除法(fa)、保護法(fa)、控(kong)制法(fa)、隔(ge)離法(fa)、保留法(fa)和(he)轉移法(fa)等6類。在(zai)(zai)(zai)建筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實際施工(gong)(gong)(gong)操作(zuo)中(zhong)，可通(tong)(tong)過(guo)(guo)采取預測各個施工(gong)(gong)(gong)階段(duan)、施工(gong)(gong)(gong)環節存在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)源；制定危(wei)(wei)險(xian)源控(kong)制方(fang)式；完善安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產管(guan)理檢查(cha)制度；落實安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產責(ze)任制；做好班前安(an)全(quan)(quan)生(sheng)(sheng)產交底工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)等一系列(lie)安(an)全(quan)(quan)技術(shu)(shu)措(cuo)施，來達到(dao)消除安(an)全(quan)(quan)隱患的(de)(de)目的(de)(de)。總之，在(zai)(zai)(zai)建筑(zhu)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)對(dui)每一項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，都(dou)需要(yao)(yao)進行(xing)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)性研究。首(shou)先(xian)，對(dui)整(zheng)項(xiang)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)的(de)(de)過(guo)(guo)程(cheng)作(zuo)充分(fen)了解。其次，利用魚刺(ci)圖、事(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)樹等科學分(fen)析方(fang)法(fa)，分(fen)析潛(qian)在(zai)(zai)(zai)的(de)(de)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)因(yin)素，讓施工(gong)(gong)(gong)人員明白其所從事(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)的(de)(de)內在(zai)(zai)(zai)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)實質和(he)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)因(yin)素，使(shi)其在(zai)(zai)(zai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)作(zuo)中(zhong)提高警惕(ti)，從而減少事(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)的(de)(de)概(gai)率(lv)(lv)。再次，對(dui)危(wei)(wei)險(xian)因(yin)素的(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)(sheng)概(gai)率(lv)(lv)進行(xing)估(gu)計(ji)。最后，根據(ju)結果(guo)制定相應的(de)(de)預防措(cuo)施、操作(zuo)程(cheng)序(xu)，使(shi)安(an)全(quan)(quan)事(shi)(shi)(shi)故(gu)(gu)頻率(lv)(lv)和(he)強(qiang)度降至最低。

結束語：建筑施工(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)是(shi)(shi)(shi)動(dong)態(tai)(tai)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)，是(shi)(shi)(shi)一項(xiang)(xiang)復(fu)雜的(de)(de)系(xi)統工(gong)程。文章(zhang)從(cong)現代建筑安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)而(er)論(lun)，具(ju)體論(lun)證了(le)建筑施工(gong)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)的(de)(de)重(zhong)要(yao)性。建筑工(gong)程安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一項(xiang)(xiang)比較(jiao)繁雜的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)，只(zhi)要(yao)我們認真對待，從(cong)人(ren)的(de)(de)安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)行為，物的(de)(de)不安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)狀態(tai)(tai)入手，采取行之有效(xiao)的(de)(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)模式和安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)措施，安(an)(an)(an)(an)全(quan)管(guan)理(li)(li)(li)(li)(li)工(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)就會從(cong)繁到(dao)簡。

作者單位：廊坊市建筑施工(gong)安(an)全監督站

篇9

1引言

在(zai)整(zheng)個建筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)管理是(shi)十(shi)分必要的(de)(de)(de)(de)，它(ta)貫穿于(yu)整(zheng)個施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)。建筑施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)管理，以(yi)系統論為觀點，運用科學(xue)方(fang)法(fa)對組成(cheng)施(shi)工(gong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)活(huo)動進行組織與(yu)(yu)指(zhi)揮、計劃與(yu)(yu)決策、控制與(yu)(yu)調節。眾所周知(zhi)，建筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)是(shi)一種(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)(duo)工(gong)種(zhong)(zhong)協(xie)同操作、多(duo)(duo)項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)交叉綜(zong)合應用的(de)(de)(de)(de)復(fu)雜過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)活(huo)動也是(shi)多(duo)(duo)種(zhong)(zhong)多(duo)(duo)樣的(de)(de)(de)(de)。“技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)活(huo)動”包括最初的(de)(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)圖紙(zhi)設計，施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以(yi)及建筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)竣工(gong)驗收等(deng)施(shi)工(gong)全過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)工(gong)作，這(zhe)些過程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)包含了(le)各(ge)項(xiang)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)活(huo)動賴(lai)以(yi)進行的(de)(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)標準與(yu)(yu)規程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)情(qing)報、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)裝備、技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)人才以(yi)及技(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)(shu)責任(ren)等(deng)。

2建筑工程技(ji)術管理的必(bi)要性

建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)技(ji)術管(guan)理(li)的(de)主要(yao)(yao)任(ren)務(wu)是運用(yong)系統科(ke)(ke)學的(de)管(guan)理(li)方法，在(zai)建(jian)筑(zhu)施(shi)工過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)按照國(guo)家相關技(ji)術標準、法規政策，科(ke)(ke)學地組織施(shi)工過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)各項技(ji)術工作，建(jian)立良好的(de)管(guan)理(li)秩序(xu)，以便(bian)整個施(shi)工過程(cheng)(cheng)符合技(ji)術規范、規程(cheng)(cheng)，高質量全面(mian)地完成施(shi)工任(ren)務(wu)。施(shi)工過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)技(ji)術管(guan)理(li)具有重要(yao)(yao)的(de)作用(yong)，可以概括為以下三個方面(mian)：

（1） 按照系統科學的(de)發展規律制定技術管(guan)理工(gong)作(zuo)，保證(zheng)建(jian)筑施工(gong)過(guo)程正常有序的(de)進(jin)行(xing)。

（2） 建(jian)筑施(shi)工過程(cheng)通過技(ji)術管理，可以不(bu)斷的提高企(qi)業管理水平和(he)員工的業務技(ji)術水平，以便在施(shi)工中(zhong)能夠(gou)預(yu)見性(xing)地(di)發現和(he)處理問題(ti)，把建(jian)筑質(zhi)(zhi)量事故的隱(yin)患消滅(mie)在萌(meng)芽之中(zhong)，保證建(jian)筑工程(cheng)施(shi)工質(zhi)(zhi)量。

（3） 在保證(zheng)工(gong)程質量(liang)的前提下，通(tong)過(guo)技術管理能(neng)(neng)夠充分發揮(hui)施工(gong)人員及材料(liao)、設備的潛力(li)，努力(li)降低工(gong)程成本，提高施工(gong)企業(ye)的經濟效(xiao)益(yi)和市場競(jing)爭能(neng)(neng)力(li)。

上述內容介紹了建筑施工過程中技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)(li)的(de)任務(wu)和作用，充分的(de)證實了技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)(li)工作是(shi)十分必要(yao)(yao)的(de)，技(ji)術(shu)(shu)管理(li)(li)水平對企(qi)業經營好壞具有重要(yao)(yao)的(de)意義，主要(yao)(yao)包括一下三(san)個方(fang)面：

（1） 企(qi)(qi)業(ye)的經營效(xiao)益以及企(qi)(qi)業(ye)信(xin)譽(yu)很大程度上(shang)取決(jue)于技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管理工(gong)作的好壞。當今建筑工(gong)程施工(gong)企(qi)(qi)業(ye)必須具備(bei)(bei)一定的技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)條件和(he)裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)，而這些技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)條件和(he)裝(zhuang)備(bei)(bei)則同(tong)樣需要相應的企(qi)(qi)業(ye)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管理水平支撐和(he)實施。

（2） 建(jian)(jian)筑施(shi)(shi)工過(guo)程的(de)特殊性。由(you)于建(jian)(jian)筑施(shi)(shi)工的(de)類型繁多(duo)，施(shi)(shi)工規模(mo)的(de)相應要(yao)求(qiu)也不盡相同，復雜(za)的(de)各(ge)項技(ji)術(shu)綜(zong)合應、多(duo)工種(zhong)交叉(cha)施(shi)(shi)工、工序搭(da)接較(jiao)多(duo)，施(shi)(shi)工作業受環境影響較(jiao)大，而在這些(xie)施(shi)(shi)工生產(chan)過(guo)程中都需要(yao)提高技(ji)術(shu)管理，保證施(shi)(shi)工過(guo)程有秩序的(de)進行(xing)，以便達到預期的(de)質量要(yao)求(qiu)、功能要(yao)求(qiu)并(bing)且(qie)降低建(jian)(jian)筑成(cheng)本要(yao)求(qiu)的(de)目標(biao)。

（3） 隨著現代建(jian)筑(zhu)業的(de)發展，新(xin)技術、新(xin)工(gong)藝(yi)、新(xin)裝備和新(xin)材料(liao)不斷地出現，建(jian)筑(zhu)施工(gong)工(gong)程結(jie)構更(geng)加復雜，功能要求更(geng)加齊全(quan)，這些相應的(de)工(gong)程施工(gong)要求技術管理也(ye)必須相提高，這也(ye)就(jiu)使得(de)施工(gong)技術管理顯得(de)更(geng)加重要。

管理(li)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)關系(xi)到企(qi)業成敗，要(yao)提(ti)高企(qi)業的競(jing)爭能力和經(jing)濟效益(yi)，必須狠抓(zhua)企(qi)業“管理(li)”，對于建(jian)筑施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業來講，技術管理(li)是重要(yao)的組(zu)成部分。建(jian)筑施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程通(tong)過(guo)技術管理(li)，保證(zheng)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程的正常進行，保證(zheng)工(gong)(gong)程質量，降低工(gong)(gong)程成本，提(ti)高勞動生(sheng)產率，通(tong)過(guo)技術管理(li)，近一步改(gai)變(bian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業的生(sheng)產和管理(li)面貌，改(gai)變(bian)施(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)企(qi)業的形(xing)象，提(ti)高市(shi)場競(jing)爭能力。

3加強建筑(zhu)工(gong)程技術管理必要性的途徑

（1）嚴格執行(xing)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)的(de)責(ze)任(ren)，加強技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水平(ping)。在(zai)建(jian)筑施(shi)工(gong)過程中，堅持依據(ju)建(jian)筑技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)相(xiang)關的(de)規程和(he)政策(ce)法律(lv)進(jin)行(xing)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)，嚴格落(luo)實技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)責(ze)任(ren)，建(jian)設健全項目(mu)部技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)機構，明(ming)確分配機構的(de)各級人員(yuan)的(de)權(quan)力和(he)責(ze)任(ren)。在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)過程中，組織(zhi)施(shi)工(gong)人員(yuan)，特別是技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)人員(yuan)學(xue)習(xi)現行(xing)政策(ce)規范，學(xue)習(xi)先進(jin)的(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)方(fang)法和(he)經驗，組織(zhi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)學(xue)習(xi)、技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)培訓、技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)交流(liu)，不斷(duan)的(de)提(ti)高技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)管(guan)(guan)理(li)(li)水平(ping)，以(yi)便在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)過程中預見(jian)性地發(fa)現和(he)處(chu)理(li)(li)各種問題(ti)，把技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)事故隱(yin)患消滅在(zai)萌(meng)芽之(zhi)中，保證工(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)質量。

（2） 貫徹落實(shi)技(ji)術管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，搞好技(ji)術管(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)作。在建筑施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中，必須(xu)嚴格按照(zhao)技(ji)術管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)行(xing)事，一般而(er)言(yan)，建筑施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的技(ji)術管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)主(zhu)要內(nei)容(rong)包括熟悉施(shi)工(gong)(gong)設計和會審制(zhi)度(du)(du)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)圖(tu)技(ji)術交底制(zhi)度(du)(du)、施(shi)工(gong)(gong)材料(liao)購買檢驗相關技(ji)術制(zhi)度(du)(du)等施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過(guo)程中相關聯的各種設計技(ji)術管(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)作的規范和標準，都應該(gai)出臺相應的管(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度(du)(du)，以便執行(xing)時(shi)有據可查。

（3）在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)斷(duan)加(jia)強對技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)。建筑工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作貫(guan)穿始終(zhong)，所以要在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)踐(jian)的(de)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)斷(duan)地加(jia)強技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作，發現技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)缺點不(bu)足，總(zong)結(jie)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)經(jing)(jing)驗，以便在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)后續施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)充分的(de)發揮好技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)作用。在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)加(jia)強技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)方法有(you)以下幾(ji)點：①根據(ju)國家(jia)或者(zhe)上級主管(guan)(guan)(guan)部門(men)頒發的(de)各(ge)項規(gui)(gui)范、規(gui)(gui)程、標準和規(gui)(gui)定，針對施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)具(ju)體(ti)的(de)特點，適時地制(zhi)訂、修訂和貫(guan)徹(che)各(ge)項技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)制(zhi)度，在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)實(shi)踐(jian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)不(bu)斷(duan)地完善和補充，嚴(yan)格做到技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作有(you)章可循，有(you)法可依。②在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，對技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作進行(xing)(xing)定期檢(jian)查，并且進行(xing)(xing)總(zong)結(jie)評比(bi)，表(biao)彰嚴(yan)格按照規(gui)(gui)章制(zhi)度落實(shi)責任的(de)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)或者(zhe)單位。③在(zai)(zai)(zai)(zai)施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)過(guo)(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，行(xing)(xing)政(zheng)和經(jing)(jing)濟手段結(jie)合使用，狠抓技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)隊伍，鼓勵(li)獎勵(li)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)人(ren)員(yuan)，調動(dong)其工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)作的(de)積極性。④加(jia)強人(ren)才(cai)培養，因為(wei)培養人(ren)才(cai)是提(ti)高(gao)技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)基石，有(you)些施工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)企業不(bu)注重(zhong)人(ren)才(cai)培養，導致技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)平(ping)的(de)急劇(ju)下降，加(jia)強人(ren)才(cai)培養，不(bu)斷(duan)地對現有(you)人(ren)才(cai)的(de)培訓、學習，提(ti)高(gao)他們的(de)生活待遇，才(cai)能使技(ji)(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)(shu)管(guan)(guan)(guan)理(li)水(shui)平(ping)更上一個臺階。

4結束語

隨著(zhu)當(dang)今社會的(de)(de)發(fa)(fa)展，我國現(xian)代化建設(she)也告訴發(fa)(fa)展，建筑工程(cheng)市(shi)場(chang)的(de)(de)競爭程(cheng)度不斷的(de)(de)加(jia)(jia)深(shen)，顯得愈(yu)來愈(yu)激(ji)烈(lie)，對于建筑施工企業來講，必(bi)須要(yao)加(jia)(jia)強技(ji)術(shu)管理，在施工建設(she)中科學(xue)的(de)(de)運(yun)用管理的(de)(de)職能，才能在市(shi)場(chang)競爭中立(li)于不敗(bai)之地(di)。

參考文獻：

篇10

進(jin)(jin)行工程施工工作(zuo)的(de)完(wan)善建(jian)設(she)，就要對其進(jin)(jin)行細(xi)節(jie)性的(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)，領導層(ceng)對整體(ti)性的(de)建(jian)筑建(jian)設(she)進(jin)(jin)行科學有效的(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)，使各個細(xi)節(jie)都能(neng)夠(gou)完(wan)善的(de)建(jian)立在(zai)起來(lai)，加(jia)強對工程成本建(jian)設(she)、細(xi)節(jie)監督、節(jie)能(neng)環保等進(jin)(jin)行關注研究，真正將建(jian)筑工程中(zhong)的(de)管(guan)理(li)(li)事項的(de)重要性突出出來(lai)。

一、對(dui)建筑工(gong)程(cheng)成(cheng)本(ben)有效控制(zhi)工(gong)作的提升

對建筑(zhu)工(gong)程進行(xing)有效的(de)管理，作(zuo)為建筑(zhu)施工(gong)方來說，主要(yao)作(zuo)用(yong)就是對自身的(de)經濟投(tou)資事(shi)項進行(xing)了有效的(de)控制，使(shi)資金的(de)投(tou)放能(neng)夠控制到最好水平。

（一）對工程建設預期性成本的管理

在(zai)(zai)(zai)進行工(gong)程建(jian)(jian)設(she)施(shi)工(gong)之前，對成(cheng)本投(tou)資的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)項進行有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管理，就(jiu)能(neng)使整體性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各個(ge)投(tou)資的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)事(shi)(shi)項能(neng)夠正(zheng)確的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)呈現出來，加(jia)強對基礎性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)環(huan)節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)(jian)設(she)，就(jiu)是將真正(zheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經濟事(shi)(shi)項建(jian)(jian)立在(zai)(zai)(zai)預(yu)期(qi)估算(suan)中(zhong)(zhong)，使建(jian)(jian)設(she)投(tou)資的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數額能(neng)夠控制到最好水平，使建(jian)(jian)設(she)施(shi)工(gong)能(neng)夠在(zai)(zai)(zai)初期(qi)投(tou)資中(zhong)(zhong)，有較好的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投(tou)資風(feng)向標做指引(yin)，使建(jian)(jian)筑工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領導層(ceng)真正(zheng)能(neng)夠把握住經濟投(tou)資的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)正(zheng)確目標。

（二）對施工準備階段的成本控制(zhi)

管(guan)理放在施工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)準(zhun)備(bei)階(jie)段，就是對其中的(de)(de)經濟事(shi)項進(jin)行(xing)監督工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)(gong)方在施工(gong)(gong)材(cai)料(liao)、施工(gong)(gong)設(she)備(bei)的(de)(de)采購過程(cheng)中，實施有效的(de)(de)管(guan)理，對材(cai)料(liao)、設(she)備(bei)等(deng)進(jin)行(xing)質量的(de)(de)監督檢(jian)查(cha)，進(jin)行(xing)現場試驗，對細節(jie)的(de)(de)地方進(jin)行(xing)觀察(cha)，發(fa)現有遺缺、質量不過關(guan)的(de)(de)，要及時進(jin)行(xing)反應，才能及時進(jin)行(xing)更(geng)換或(huo)修復，這樣(yang)才能保(bao)證建筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)有基(ji)礎性(xing)的(de)(de)質量保(bao)障，為(wei)建筑過程(cheng)的(de)(de)全面工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)實施提供更(geng)好的(de)(de)建設(she)條件。

（三(san)）對工(gong)程(cheng)施工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)中的成(cheng)本管理(li)

在(zai)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)建設(she)過程中，進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)全面的(de)(de)(de)監督管理(li)，使(shi)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)控(kong)制到最低。對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員在(zai)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場各種行(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)監督，建立有效的(de)(de)(de)規章(zhang)制度(du)，并對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)違法亂(luan)紀現象(xiang)進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)嚴格的(de)(de)(de)懲處(chu)，因為(wei)(wei)施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員經常(chang)出現偷拿盜用的(de)(de)(de)現象(xiang)，對現場的(de)(de)(de)材料、設(she)備投出去賣(mai)掉，作(zuo)為(wei)(wei)自己的(de)(de)(de)額外經濟收入(ru)來源，所(suo)以加(jia)強現場施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)行(xing)(xing)為(wei)(wei)管理(li)，是保證(zheng)公共財(cai)物完整性的(de)(de)(de)前提(ti)，是使(shi)建設(she)成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)控(kong)制到最好水平(ping)的(de)(de)(de)基礎保障；對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場的(de)(de)(de)員工(gong)(gong)(gong)或(huo)者周邊人(ren)員的(de)(de)(de)安全性進(jin)(jin)行(xing)(xing)管理(li)控(kong)制，使(shi)人(ren)們的(de)(de)(de)安全意識不斷(duan)加(jia)強，從而使(shi)對事故(gu)處(chu)理(li)的(de)(de)(de)經濟成(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)不斷(duan)降(jiang)低。

二、對(dui)現場各(ge)個(ge)細節程(cheng)序的有效管理控制(zhi)

對施工(gong)(gong)現場進(jin)行(xing)有(you)效的(de)管理(li)，就是要將建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)的(de)完(wan)整性、正(zheng)確的(de)施工(gong)(gong)流程、施工(gong)(gong)人員的(de)技術提升(sheng)、竣工(gong)(gong)審查等(deng)進(jin)行(xing)有(you)效的(de)管理(li)監督，使建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程的(de)建(jian)設的(de)各種細(xi)節質(zhi)量(liang)能(neng)夠不斷(duan)提升(sheng)。

（一(yi)）對工程(cheng)整體(ti)質(zhi)量(liang)完整性提供保障(zhang)

進(jin)行(xing)現場施(shi)工(gong)管理，對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)過程中的(de)(de)(de)各項細(xi)節(jie)進(jin)行(xing)有(you)效的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)督(du)，發現有(you)工(gong)程質(zhi)量(liang)問(wen)題存在(zai)，就要進(jin)行(xing)返(fan)修，并(bing)對(dui)個細(xi)節(jie)的(de)(de)(de)管理事項都能夠重視(shi)起來，使工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)質(zhi)量(liang)在(zai)正確的(de)(de)(de)施(shi)工(gong)流程中進(jin)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)同時，能夠隨(sui)時有(you)質(zhi)量(liang)監(jian)督(du)做保(bao)證，加強對(dui)細(xi)節(jie)性的(de)(de)(de)問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)建設。

在進(jin)行施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)現場的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)管(guan)(guan)理(li)過程中(zhong)，加強對(dui)重(zhong)點細節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程進(jin)行監(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，對(dui)隱(yin)蔽性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程細節進(jin)行監(jian)督(du)、排查，真正(zheng)將其中(zhong)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)隱(yin)患進(jin)行排查修復(fu)，使(shi)人(ren)們在進(jin)行使(shi)用過程中(zhong)，不會發(fa)生(sheng)人(ren)身安全(quan)受危害的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)現象。加強對(dui)現場工(gong)(gong)(gong)程整體性質(zhi)量的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)監(jian)督(du)管(guan)(guan)理(li)，對(dui)投資建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程有(you)較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)安全(quan)保障；使(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)缺(que)陷與(yu)技術性的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)不足能(neng)夠及(ji)時地被發(fa)現；對(dui)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)成功按照(zhao)合同的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)項(xiang)細節的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)(she)對(dui)應起來，具有(you)完整建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)意(yi)義；使(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程能(neng)夠在建(jian)設(she)(she)過程中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)各(ge)種不足不斷突(tu)出出來，對(dui)以(yi)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)(she)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)提供(gong)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)經驗教(jiao)訓，對(dui)今(jin)后(hou)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)(she)發(fa)展(zhan)提供(gong)較(jiao)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發(fa)展(zhan)條件。

（二）對正確的施工流程提(ti)供保(bao)障

進(jin)行有(you)效(xiao)的(de)管(guan)理(li)，能夠將施工(gong)建設的(de)技術施工(gong)流程進(jin)行有(you)效(xiao)的(de)監(jian)督，對(dui)地基、梁柱、屋頂等正(zheng)(zheng)確流程建設有(you)較好的(de)監(jian)督管(guan)理(li)條件。這(zhe)樣，在正(zheng)(zheng)確的(de)施工(gong)流程的(de)幫助下，真正(zheng)(zheng)將各個(ge)流程中的(de)各個(ge)細節都重視起(qi)來，使問題不斷(duan)突(tu)出(chu)，使施工(gong)效(xiao)率(lv)不斷(duan)提升。

比如，進行房屋、橋(qiao)梁等建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)進行施工(gong)(gong)時，就要將正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)流(liu)程(cheng)呈現出來，把握(wo)較好的(de)(de)(de)監(jian)督(du)管理(li)辦法(fa)，對正確(que)的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)(de)各項(xiang)細節進行管理(li)，保證技術性的(de)(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)流(liu)程(cheng)得(de)到完整性的(de)(de)(de)保障(zhang)之后，才能更加(jia)進步(bu)。

（三）對施工人員的技術與素質的提(ti)升(sheng)提(ti)供保(bao)障

施(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)提升在管(guan)理過程中(zhong)(zhong)，是非常重要的(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)項，加強對技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)提升的(de)(de)(de)管(guan)理，使(shi)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)在進行施(shi)工(gong)(gong)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，不斷(duan)發現自(zi)身(shen)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)不足，對于一(yi)(yi)些較(jiao)困難(nan)的(de)(de)(de)建(jian)筑(zhu)工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)流程中(zhong)(zhong)，管(guan)理者對其進行監督，對其現有技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)落后(hou)性(xing)進行及時(shi)的(de)(de)(de)提醒，使(shi)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)人(ren)員(yuan)看到(dao)自(zi)身(shen)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)的(de)(de)(de)缺陷(xian)，根據現場施(shi)工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)實際情況，不斷(duan)進行有效的(de)(de)(de)改(gai)革，使(shi)自(zi)己的(de)(de)(de)技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)得到(dao)進步提升，才(cai)能(neng)真(zhen)正(zheng)克(ke)服各種技(ji)(ji)(ji)術(shu)性(xing)的(de)(de)(de)困難(nan)，使(shi)工(gong)(gong)程施(shi)工(gong)(gong)順利地進行下去(qu)。

對施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人員(yuan)的(de)(de)(de)綜合素質(zhi)進(jin)(jin)行不(bu)斷提升，進(jin)(jin)行有效的(de)(de)(de)監督管(guan)理(li)，并且(qie)進(jin)(jin)行思想政(zheng)治教育，讓員(yuan)工(gong)都(dou)認識到自身的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)(jin)步與(yu)工(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)全面(mian)提升是分不(bu)開的(de)(de)(de)，這樣，技術施(shi)(shi)工(gong)人員(yuan)才(cai)能(neng)(neng)真正(zheng)將工(gong)程施(shi)(shi)工(gong)事項當成是自己的(de)(de)(de)事來(lai)做(zuo)，在管(guan)理(li)者(zhe)的(de)(de)(de)輔助管(guan)理(li)之下，能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)不(bu)斷進(jin)(jin)步，在遇(yu)到重大性(xing)技術問題的(de)(de)(de)時候(hou)，勇(yong)于承擔(dan)責任，把握較好的(de)(de)(de)創新(xin)技術使用方法，才(cai)能(neng)(neng)進(jin)(jin)行有效的(de)(de)(de)現場創新(xin)技術的(de)(de)(de)實施(shi)(shi)，對重大性(xing)困難能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)更好地克服(fu)。

（四）對竣工工程的(de)審核、檢查提供(gong)保障

在竣工(gong)工(gong)程的(de)(de)自我審核(he)與檢查中(zhong)，進行有效的(de)(de)管理，突出對(dui)重(zhong)要(yao)環節(jie)的(de)(de)監督檢查力度(du)，加強對(dui)各(ge)項細節(jie)中(zhong)的(de)(de)安全(quan)、質量(liang)等(deng)問題(ti)的(de)(de)注意事(shi)項，對(dui)隱(yin)蔽性的(de)(de)建筑(zhu)細節(jie)更要(yao)重(zhong)視起來，使(shi)建筑(zhu)工(gong)程潛藏的(de)(de)各(ge)中(zhong)安全(quan)隱(yin)患能夠被發現，把握重(zhong)點的(de)(de)建設施(shi)工(gong)的(de)(de)技術(shu)細節(jie)，真正將其中(zhong)的(de)(de)各(ge)項基礎性的(de)(de)東西深化，使(shi)建筑(zhu)工(gong)程的(de)(de)質量(liang)問題(ti)能夠不斷(duan)降低，使(shi)質量(liang)不斷(duan)提升。

并(bing)且對竣工(gong)(gong)現場的(de)(de)材料、設(she)(she)備(bei)進(jin)行(xing)有效(xiao)的(de)(de)監(jian)督排查(cha)，真正(zheng)將使(shi)用(yong)完(wan)畢的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)設(she)(she)備(bei)與剩余(yu)的(de)(de)施工(gong)(gong)材料進(jin)行(xing)檢查(cha)，并(bing)對其(qi)數量(liang)、質量(liang)等與應該有的(de)(de)數量(liang)、質量(liang)進(jin)行(xing)對比，并(bing)且對使(shi)用(yong)過的(de)(de)設(she)(she)備(bei)進(jin)行(xing)折舊計(ji)算；對施工(gong)(gong)過程(cheng)中的(de)(de)員工(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)違法亂紀的(de)(de)現象落實(shi)到個人(ren)，真正(zheng)將其(qi)中的(de)(de)經濟事項(xiang)與建(jian)筑建(jian)設(she)(she)的(de)(de)重點項(xiang)目結合起(qi)來，把竣工(gong)(gong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)與監(jian)督、檢查(cha)的(de)(de)手段(duan)統(tong)一進(jin)行(xing)提升，真正(zheng)將正(zheng)確的(de)(de)管理手段(duan)運用(yong)到細節當中去(qu)，使(shi)建(jian)筑工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)能(neng)夠完(wan)善建(jian)立起(qi)來。

三、對環保節能事(shi)項的(de)管理控制的(de)重(zhong)要性

（一）對節(jie)能事項的管(guan)理作用

加強對建(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)的(de)(de)節能(neng)(neng)事項的(de)(de)建(jian)設研究，使(shi)(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)施工用到(dao)的(de)(de)水(shui)、電(dian)(dian)等能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)事項進(jin)行(xing)有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)管理(li)，真正將水(shui)、電(dian)(dian)進(jin)行(xing)有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)節約(yue)，使(shi)(shi)施工隊伍(wu)在(zai)保證經濟投資的(de)(de)成本(ben)得到(dao)有(you)(you)效控制的(de)(de)同時(shi)，也能(neng)(neng)對能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)的(de)(de)具體節約(yue)事項做出自己的(de)(de)貢(gong)獻，使(shi)(shi)自己在(zai)建(jian)設施工過程(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，能(neng)(neng)夠對周(zhou)邊(bian)的(de)(de)能(neng)(neng)源(yuan)進(jin)行(xing)有(you)(you)效的(de)(de)保護，使(shi)(shi)建(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)(cheng)的(de)(de)施工有(you)(you)一個較(jiao)好的(de)(de)形象前提。

（二）對環保事項的管理作用

在進(jin)行(xing)(xing)建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)施工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，對(dui)(dui)于周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)的(de)建(jian)設保護事項(xiang)的(de)管理，也是比較重要的(de)。在施工(gong)過(guo)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中(zhong)，如果對(dui)(dui)周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)環(huan)境(jing)隨意排放廢氣、廢水、廢渣，就會(hui)對(dui)(dui)環(huan)境(jing)造成破壞(huai)(huai)，對(dui)(dui)周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)的(de)環(huan)境(jing)產(chan)生破壞(huai)(huai)，就會(hui)使周(zhou)(zhou)邊(bian)的(de)人群對(dui)(dui)其工(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)的(de)建(jian)設不會(hui)支持，其施工(gong)建(jian)設就很難進(jin)行(xing)(xing)下(xia)去。

所以，在管理過程中，對施(shi)工(gong)(gong)建(jian)設(she)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)各項施(shi)工(gong)(gong)細節(jie)產生的(de)(de)(de)(de)各中廢棄物進行(xing)有效的(de)(de)(de)(de)處理，使其能夠(gou)有一個正常的(de)(de)(de)(de)銷毀途徑，對周邊(bian)環(huan)境不造成破壞(huai)，使自己的(de)(de)(de)(de)建(jian)設(she)施(shi)工(gong)(gong)能夠(gou)更加順利。

總結：

對建筑(zhu)施工(gong)建設(she)進行有效的(de)管理，才能(neng)使建筑(zhu)工(gong)程的(de)質(zhi)量不斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)，對技術(shu)進行不斷(duan)的(de)發展提(ti)升(sheng)，真正將(jiang)施工(gong)人員的(de)技術(shu)與素質(zhi)進行不斷(duan)提(ti)升(sheng)，才能(neng)將(jiang)建筑(zhu)施工(gong)順利的(de)完成(cheng)。加(jia)強建筑(zhu)工(gong)程的(de)管理事項的(de)研究，就能(neng)真正對建筑(zhu)工(gong)程起到(dao)根本性的(de)幫助。

參考文獻：

[1]周成帥(shuai),孫亞軍.略論施工(gong)過程中的項目管理與質量控制[J].中國高新技術企業,2010(1)